Market research

Wheat and meslin market in Mongolia

Release date: Mar 28, 2026

Submission: 15 minutes after payment

Research period: 2017-2025

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File format: docx, xlsx

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Earlier Report Observations

The Mongolian wheat and meslin market experienced considerable volatility from 2018 to 2023. The market volume began the period at a high of 668 thousand tonnes in 2018, a level supported by the government's Meat and Milk Campaign launched in 2017, which aimed to boost livestock production and consequently increased demand for feed grains like wheat.

Following 2018, the market contracted sharply to 426 thousand tonnes in 2019 before recovering to 536 thousand tonnes in 2020 and surging to a peak of 793 thousand tonnes in 2021. A subsequent steep decline to 402 thousand tonnes occurred in 2022, with a partial rebound to 491 thousand tonnes recorded in 2023.

Table of content

1. Disclaimer
2. Terms of use of the report
3. Product codes in the statistical classifications used in the report
4. Key Market Indicators and Trends
1. 4.1. Key Market Indicators
  1. 4.1.1. In kind
    1. 4.1.1.1. Production, 2018-2023
    2. 4.1.1.2. Imports, 2018-2024
    3. 4.1.1.3. Exports, 2018-2024
    4. 4.1.1.4. Market size, 2018-2023
2. 4.2. Market Trends and Factors
5. Production
1. 5.1. Production in Mongolia
  1. 5.1.1. Annual dynamics of production in Mongolia in kind, 2018-2023, K t
  2. 5.1.2. Annual dynamics of production in Mongolia in value, 2018-2023, $ US
2. 5.2. Global production by Country, 2018-2023
  1. 5.2.1. Annual dynamics of production by macroregions in kind, 2018-2023, K t
  2. 5.2.2. Dynamics of production structure by macroregions in kind, 2018-2023
  3. 5.2.3. Annual dynamics of production by country in kind, 2018-2023, K t
  4. 5.2.4. Structure of production by countries in kind, 2018-2023
  5. 5.2.5. Dynamics of peoduction structure by countries in kind, 2018-2023
6. Imports
1. 6.1. Imports (Direct Data*)
  1. 6.1.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 6.1.2. Imports in kind, K t
    1. 6.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Mongolia in kind, 2018-2024, K t
    2. 6.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to Mongolia by countries, 2018-2024, K t
    3. 6.1.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 6.1.3. Imports in value, K $ US
    1. 6.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Mongolia in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 6.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to Mongolia by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 6.1.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 6.1.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/kg
    1. 6.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to Mongolia, 2018-2024, $ US/kg
    2. 6.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to Mongolia by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/kg
2. 6.2. Imports (Mirror Data)
  1. 6.2.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 6.2.2. Imports in kind, K t
    1. 6.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Mongolia in kind, 2018-2024, K t
    2. 6.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to Mongolia by countries, 2018-2024, K t
    3. 6.2.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 6.2.3. Imports in value, K $ US
    1. 6.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Mongolia in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 6.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to Mongolia by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 6.2.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 6.2.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/kg
    1. 6.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to Mongolia, 2018-2024, $ US/kg
    2. 6.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to Mongolia by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/kg
7. Exports
1. 7.1. Exports (Direct Data*)
  1. 7.1.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 7.1.2. Exports in kind, K t
    1. 7.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Mongolia in kind, 2018-2024, K t
    2. 7.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from Mongolia by countries, 2018-2024, K t
    3. 7.1.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 7.1.3. Exports in value, K $ US
    1. 7.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Mongolia in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 7.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from Mongolia by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 7.1.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 7.1.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/kg
    1. 7.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from Mongolia, 2018-2024, $ US/kg
    2. 7.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from Mongolia by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/kg
2. 7.2. Exports (Mirror Data)
  1. 7.2.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 7.2.2. Exports in kind, K t
    1. 7.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Mongolia in kind, 2018-2024, K t
    2. 7.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from Mongolia by countries, 2018-2024, K t
    3. 7.2.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 7.2.3. Exports in value, K $ US
    1. 7.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Mongolia in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 7.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from Mongolia by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 7.2.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 7.2.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/kg
    1. 7.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from Mongolia, 2018-2024, $ US/kg
    2. 7.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from Mongolia by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/kg
8. Trade balance
1. 8.1. Trade balance (Direct Data)
  1. 8.1.1. In kind, K t
  2. 8.1.2. In value, K $ US
2. 8.2. Trade balance (Mirror Data)
  1. 8.2.1. In kind, K t
  2. 8.2.2. In value, K $ US
9. Top buying and selling countries, 2018-2024
1. 9.1. Direct Data
  1. 9.1.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.1.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers
2. 9.2. Mirror Data
  1. 9.2.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.2.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers

Production wheat and meslin in Mongolia

In kind, 2017-2020, K t

Top producers of wheat and meslin, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of production of wheat and meslin, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

The wheat and meslin market in Mongolia showed significant volatility during the observed period. Production reached its lowest point in 2017, then peaked in 2018 at 436.1 K t. Between these two years, production varied by 1.9 times. In 2019, production experienced its largest decline of 5.7%. The most substantial increase occurred in 2018 with growth of 88.5%. In 2020, Mongolia produced 406.1 K t of wheat and meslin, representing a modest decrease of 1.3% compared to the previous year.

Annual dynamics of production in Mongolia in kind, 2017-2020, K t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	88.5%	(5.7%)	(1.3%)	20.6%

Source: SHEV.io

Exports wheat and meslin from Mongolia

Exports in kind, K t

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Mongolia in kind, 2017-2020, K t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	n/a	n/a	n/a	-

Source: SHEV.io

Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Exports in value, K $ US

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Mongolia in value, 2017-2020, K $ US

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	n/a	n/a	n/a	-

Source: SHEV.io

From 2017 to 2020, Russia was the exclusive destination for Mongolia's wheat and meslin exports in value terms, accounting for 100.0% of total export value and establishing overwhelming dominance in this market.

Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from Mongolia in value, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Imports wheat and meslin to Mongolia

Imports in kind, K t

Wheat and meslin imports to Mongolia showed an unstable trend throughout the period. Import volumes reached their lowest point in 2017, then peaked in 2018 at 232.0 K t, representing a 17-fold difference between these years. The largest decline occurred in 2019 with a decrease of 93.8%. The most significant increase was recorded in 2018 with growth of 1 608.8%. In 2020, Mongolia imported 129.8 K t of wheat and meslin, marking a sharp year-over-year increase of 799.8%.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Mongolia in kind, 2017-2020, K t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	1 608.8%	(93.8%)	799.8%	112.3%

Source: SHEV.io

From 2017 to 2020, Russia completely dominated Mongolia's wheat and meslin imports in volume terms, accounting for 100.0% of total import flows.

Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to Mongolia in kind, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Imports in value, K $ US

The value of wheat and meslin imports to Mongolia showed considerable volatility during the observed period. Import values reached their lowest point in 2017, then peaked in 2018 at 44 333 K $ US, representing a 17-fold difference between these years. The largest decline occurred in 2019 with a decrease of 93.8%. The most substantial increase was recorded in 2018 with growth of 1 564.6%. In 2020, Mongolia imported wheat and meslin valued at {value_last_year} K $ US, representing a dramatic year-over-year increase of 911.5%.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Mongolia in value, 2017-2020, K $ US

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	1 564.6%	(93.8%)	911.5%	118.7%

Source: SHEV.io

From 2017 to 2020, Mongolia's wheat and meslin imports in value terms were almost entirely tied to Russia, which accounted for 99.9% of total import flows.

Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to Mongolia in value, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io