Market research

Wheat and meslin flour and cereals market in Middle Africa

Release date: Mar 30, 2026

Submission: 15 minutes after payment

Research period: 2017-2025

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"Middle Africa" region includes following countries:

Angola

Cameroon

Central African Republic

Chad

Congo

Democratic Republic of the Congo

Equatorial Guinea

Gabon

Sao Tome and Principe

Earlier Report Observations

The wheat and meslin flour and cereals market in Middle Africa grew from 1 428 thousand tons in 2018 to 1 966 thousand tons in 2021. This expansion coincided with calls to establish an agro-business consortium to structure the local agricultural sector and grain processing, which likely supported increased domestic production.

After peaking in 2021, the market volume fell to 1 733 thousand tons in 2022, a decline primarily linked to supply disruptions from the war in Ukraine that affected wheat and flour imports into the region. The market then stabilized at around 1 704 thousand tons in 2023, supported by regional industrial investments in cereal processing plants and growing initiatives to promote local flour from African cereals and tubers, which helped mitigate dependence on imported wheat.

Table of content

1. Disclaimer
2. Terms of use of the report
3. Product codes in the statistical classifications used in the report
4. Key Market Indicators and Trends
1. 4.1. Key Market Indicators
  1. 4.1.1. In kind
    1. 4.1.1.1. Production, 2018-2023
    2. 4.1.1.2. Imports, 2018-2024
    3. 4.1.1.3. Exports, 2018-2024
    4. 4.1.1.4. Market size, 2018-2023
2. 4.2. Market Trends and Factors
5. Production
1. 5.1. Production in Middle Africa
  1. 5.1.1. Annual dynamics of production in Middle Africa in kind, 2018-2023, K t
2. 5.2. Global production by Country, 2018-2023
  1. 5.2.1. Annual dynamics of production by macroregions in kind, 2018-2023, K t
  2. 5.2.2. Dynamics of production structure by macroregions in kind, 2018-2023
  3. 5.2.3. Annual dynamics of production by country in kind, 2018-2023, K t
  4. 5.2.4. Structure of production by countries in kind, 2018-2023
  5. 5.2.5. Dynamics of peoduction structure by countries in kind, 2018-2023
6. Imports
1. 6.1. Imports (Direct Data*)
  1. 6.1.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 6.1.2. Imports in kind, K t
    1. 6.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Angola in kind, 2018-2024, K t
    2. 6.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to Angola by countries, 2018-2024, K t
    3. 6.1.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 6.1.3. Imports in value, M $ US
    1. 6.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Angola in value, 2018-2024, M $ US
    2. 6.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to Angola by countries, 2018-2024, M $ US
    3. 6.1.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 6.1.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/t
    1. 6.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to Angola, 2018-2024, $ US/t
    2. 6.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to Angola by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/t
2. 6.2. Imports (Mirror Data)
  1. 6.2.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 6.2.2. Imports in kind, K t
    1. 6.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Angola in kind, 2018-2024, K t
    2. 6.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to Angola by countries, 2018-2024, K t
    3. 6.2.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 6.2.3. Imports in value, M $ US
    1. 6.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Angola in value, 2018-2024, M $ US
    2. 6.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to Angola by countries, 2018-2024, M $ US
    3. 6.2.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 6.2.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/t
    1. 6.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to Angola, 2018-2024, $ US/t
    2. 6.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to Angola by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/t
7. Exports
1. 7.1. Exports (Direct Data*)
  1. 7.1.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 7.1.2. Exports in kind, K t
    1. 7.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Angola in kind, 2018-2024, K t
    2. 7.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from Angola by countries, 2018-2024, K t
    3. 7.1.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 7.1.3. Exports in value, M $ US
    1. 7.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Angola in value, 2018-2024, M $ US
    2. 7.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from Angola by countries, 2018-2024, M $ US
    3. 7.1.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 7.1.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/t
    1. 7.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from Angola, 2018-2024, $ US/t
    2. 7.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from Angola by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/t
2. 7.2. Exports (Mirror Data)
  1. 7.2.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 7.2.2. Exports in kind, K t
    1. 7.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Angola in kind, 2018-2024, K t
    2. 7.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from Angola by countries, 2018-2024, K t
    3. 7.2.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 7.2.3. Exports in value, M $ US
    1. 7.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Angola in value, 2018-2024, M $ US
    2. 7.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from Angola by countries, 2018-2024, M $ US
    3. 7.2.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 7.2.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/t
    1. 7.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from Angola, 2018-2024, $ US/t
    2. 7.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from Angola by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/t
8. Trade balance
1. 8.1. Trade balance (Direct Data)
  1. 8.1.1. In kind, K t
  2. 8.1.2. In value, M $ US
2. 8.2. Trade balance (Mirror Data)
  1. 8.2.1. In kind, K t
  2. 8.2.2. In value, M $ US
9. Top buying and selling countries, 2018-2024
1. 9.1. Direct Data
  1. 9.1.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.1.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers
2. 9.2. Mirror Data
  1. 9.2.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.2.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers

Production wheat and meslin flour and cereals in Middle Africa

In kind, 2017-2020, K t

Top producers of wheat and meslin flour and cereals, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of production of wheat and meslin flour and cereals, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Wheat and meslin flour and cereals production in Middle Africa has increased for the third consecutive year. In 2020, production reached 1 166 K t, marking a slight gain of 0.8% compared to 2019. Between 2017 and 2020, production grew by 27%, which equates to an annualized rate of 8.3%.

Annual dynamics of production in Middle Africa in kind, 2017-2020, K t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	13.8%	10.7%	0.8%	8.3%

Source: SHEV.io

Exports wheat and meslin flour and cereals from Middle Africa

Exports in kind, K t

Market performance showed noticeable fluctuations during this period. Exports peaked in 2017 and reached their lowest point in 2019, with a 12.2-fold difference between these years. In 2020, Middle Africa's wheat and meslin flour and cereals exports amounted to 12.9 K t, reflecting a sharp uptick of 644.3% compared to 2019. The minimum value was recorded in 2019 at 1.7 K t, and the largest decline occurred in 2019, at 87.7%.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Middle Africa in kind, 2017-2020, K t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	(33.4%)	(87.7%)	644.3%	(15.3%)

Source: SHEV.io

From 2017 to 2020, Portugal, the United Arab Emirates, and Ireland were the top buyers of wheat and meslin flour and cereals from Middle Africa, accounting for 8.8%, 2.8%, and 2.5% of exports in kind, respectively. Their combined share reached 14.0% of total exports in kind.

Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from Middle Africa in kind, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Exports in value, M $ US

Market performance exhibited noticeable fluctuations during this period. Export volumes peaked in 2019 and sank to their lowest level in 2017, with a top-to-bottom ratio of 7.9 times. In 2020, Middle Africa exported 6.0 M $ US of wheat and meslin flour and cereals, reflecting a contraction of 74.1% compared to 2019. The maximum value was recorded in 2019 at 23.1 M $ US, and the largest increase occurred in 2019, at 274.1%.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Middle Africa in value, 2017-2020, M $ US

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	112.2%	274.1%	(74.1%)	27.2%

Source: SHEV.io

Throughout 2017 to 2020, Portugal and the United Arab Emirates continued to lead the list of markets for exports in value terms of wheat and meslin flour and cereals from Middle Africa, together accounting for 2.3% of total flows.

Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from Middle Africa in value, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Imports wheat and meslin flour and cereals to Middle Africa

Imports in kind, K t

After a two-year decrease, wheat and meslin flour and cereals deliveries to Middle Africa increased. In 2020, imports amounted to 434.5 K t, up by 26.9% compared to the previous year. Over the period 2017-2020, imports decreased by 36.8%, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of -14.2%. The minimum value was recorded in 2019 at 342.3 K t, and the largest decline occurred in 2018, at 42.2%.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Middle Africa in kind, 2017-2020, K t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	(42.2%)	(13.9%)	26.9%	(14.2%)

Source: SHEV.io

From 2017 to 2020, Turkey, Portugal, and Belgium remained the principal suppliers of wheat and meslin flour and cereals to Middle Africa, accounting for 48.7%, 13.3%, and 11.5% of imports in kind, respectively. Jointly, they accounted for 73.4% of total imports in kind.

Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to Middle Africa in kind, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Imports in value, M $ US

Wheat and meslin flour and cereals deliveries to Middle Africa declined for the third consecutive year. In 2020, import volume amounted to 130.6 M $ US, reflecting a decline of 20.0% year-over-year. Over the period 2017-2020, imports decreased by 59.8%, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of -26.2%.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Middle Africa in value, 2017-2020, M $ US

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	(36.8%)	(20.6%)	(20.0%)	(26.2%)

Source: SHEV.io

From 2017 to 2020, Turkey, Belgium, and Portugal consistently remained the main destinations for imports in value terms, accounting for 45.0%, 14.6%, and 11.5% of imports in value terms, respectively. Together, they accounted for 71.1% of total flows.

Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to Middle Africa in value, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io