Market research

Sulphuric acid and oleum market in the Netherlands

Release date: Mar 29, 2026

Submission: 15 minutes after payment

Research period: 2017-2025

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Earlier Report Observations

The market size for sulphuric acid and oleum in the Netherlands contracted over the period from 2018 to 2023, falling from 389.7 thousand tonnes to 268.8 thousand tonnes. The most significant reduction occurred after 2019, with the market volume dropping by 85.2 thousand tonnes by 2022.

Domestic production saw initial growth to 393.9 thousand tonnes in 2019, followed by a decline to 302.2 thousand tonnes in 2022 and a partial recovery to 343.8 thousand tonnes in 2023. Import volumes rose to a peak of 294.3 thousand tonnes in 2021 before decreasing, while exports increased substantially in 2022 and 2023.

Regulatory changes emerged in 2025, including the updated PGS 12:2025 safety standards for storing dangerous substances and EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism reporting obligations for imports. Sales to private individuals were also restricted, requiring licences and business registration.

Table of content

1. Disclaimer
2. Terms of use of the report
3. Product codes in the statistical classifications used in the report
4. Key Market Indicators
1. 4.1. In kind
  1. 4.1.1. Production, 2018-2019, 2022-2023
  2. 4.1.2. Imports, 2018-2025
  3. 4.1.3. Exports, 2018-2025
  4. 4.1.4. Market size, 2018-2019, 2022-2023
5. Production
1. 5.1. Production in the Netherlands
  1. 5.1.1. In kind, 2018-2019, 2022-2023, K t
  2. 5.1.2. In value, 2018-2024, K $ US
2. 5.2. Production in the EU, 2018-2024
  1. 5.2.1. In kind, 2018-2024, K t
  2. 5.2.2. In value, 2018-2024, K $ US
6. Exports
1. 6.1. Exports (Direct Data)
  1. 6.1.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 6.1.2. Exports in kind, K t
    1. 6.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from the Netherlands in kind, 2018-2025, K t
    2. 6.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from the Netherlands by countries, 2018-2025, K t
    3. 6.1.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2025
  3. 6.1.3. Exports in value, K $ US
    1. 6.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from the Netherlands in value, 2018-2025, K $ US
    2. 6.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from the Netherlands by countries, 2018-2025, K $ US
    3. 6.1.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2025
  4. 6.1.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/t
    1. 6.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from the Netherlands, 2018-2025, $ US/t
    2. 6.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from the Netherlands by countries, 2018-2025, $ US/t
2. 6.2. Exports (Mirror Data)
  1. 6.2.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 6.2.2. Exports in kind, K t
    1. 6.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from the Netherlands in kind, 2018-2025, K t
    2. 6.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from the Netherlands by countries, 2018-2025, K t
    3. 6.2.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2025
  3. 6.2.3. Exports in value, K $ US
    1. 6.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from the Netherlands in value, 2018-2025, K $ US
    2. 6.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from the Netherlands by countries, 2018-2025, K $ US
    3. 6.2.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2025
  4. 6.2.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/t
    1. 6.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from the Netherlands, 2018-2025, $ US/t
    2. 6.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from the Netherlands by countries, 2018-2025, $ US/t
7. Imports
1. 7.1. Imports (Direct Data)
  1. 7.1.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 7.1.2. Imports in kind, K t
    1. 7.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to the Netherlands in kind, 2018-2025, K t
    2. 7.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to the Netherlands by countries, 2018-2025, K t
    3. 7.1.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2025
  3. 7.1.3. Imports in value, K $ US
    1. 7.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to the Netherlands in value, 2018-2025, K $ US
    2. 7.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to the Netherlands by countries, 2018-2025, K $ US
    3. 7.1.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2025
  4. 7.1.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/t
    1. 7.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to the Netherlands, 2018-2025, $ US/t
    2. 7.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to the Netherlands by countries, 2018-2025, $ US/t
2. 7.2. Imports (Mirror Data)
  1. 7.2.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 7.2.2. Imports in kind, K t
    1. 7.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to the Netherlands in kind, 2018-2025, K t
    2. 7.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to the Netherlands by countries, 2018-2025, K t
    3. 7.2.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2025
  3. 7.2.3. Imports in value, K $ US
    1. 7.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to the Netherlands in value, 2018-2025, K $ US
    2. 7.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to the Netherlands by countries, 2018-2025, K $ US
    3. 7.2.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2025
  4. 7.2.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/t
    1. 7.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to the Netherlands, 2018-2025, $ US/t
    2. 7.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to the Netherlands by countries, 2018-2025, $ US/t
8. Trade balance
1. 8.1. Trade balance (Direct Data)
  1. 8.1.1. In kind, K t
  2. 8.1.2. In value, K $ US
2. 8.2. Trade balance (Mirror Data)
  1. 8.2.1. In kind, K t
  2. 8.2.2. In value, K $ US
9. Top buying and selling countries, 2018-2025
1. 9.1. Direct Data
  1. 9.1.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.1.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers
2. 9.2. Mirror Data
  1. 9.2.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.2.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers

Production sulphuric acid and oleum in the Netherlands

In value, 2018-2021, K $ US

The Netherlands saw its sulphuric acid and oleum production decline for the third year in a row. In 2021, output was valued at 11 260 thousand US dollars, marking a 31.9% decrease compared to 2020. From 2018 to 2021, production fell by 61.2%, with an annualized decline rate of 27.1%.

Annual dynamics of production in the Netherlands in value, 2018-2021, K $ US

Parameter		2019	2020	2021	CAGR
1	Change from last year	(9.5%)	(37.1%)	(31.9%)	(27.1%)

Source: SHEV.io

In kind, 2018-2021, K t

In 2021, the Netherlands produced 393.9 thousand tonnes of sulphuric acid and oleum, representing a modest increase of 5.1% over the previous year.

Annual dynamics of production in the Netherlands in kind, 2018-2021, K t

Parameter		2019	2020	2021	CAGR
1	Change from last year	5.1%	n/a	n/a	-

Source: SHEV.io

Exports sulphuric acid and oleum from the Netherlands

Exports in kind, K t

Exports of sulphuric acid and oleum from the Netherlands declined for the second consecutive year. In 2021, shipments totaled 214.6 thousand tonnes, down 7.4% year-on-year. Between 2018 and 2021, exports grew by 3.9%, with an annualized growth rate of 1.3%. The peak was reached in 2019 at 243.8 thousand tonnes, which also saw the largest annual increase of 18.0%.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from the Netherlands in kind, 2018-2021, K t

Parameter		2019	2020	2021	CAGR
1	Change from last year	18.0%	(5.0%)	(7.4%)	1.3%

Source: SHEV.io

From 2018 to 2021, Belgium and Germany were the main export destinations, accounting for 90.3% of total shipments by volume. Belgium alone made up 64.1% of the flows, while Germany contributed 26.2%, with other partners making up the rest.

Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from the Netherlands in kind, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io

Exports in value, K $ US

In 2021, sulphuric acid and oleum exports from the Netherlands reached 25 618 thousand US dollars, a significant jump of 19.6% compared to 2020. Over the 2018-2021 period, export value surged by 69.8%, translating to an annualized growth rate of 19.3%. The largest decline occurred in 2020 at 3.5%, while the biggest increase was in 2019 at 47.1%.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from the Netherlands in value, 2018-2021, K $ US

Parameter		2019	2020	2021	CAGR
1	Change from last year	47.1%	(3.5%)	19.6%	19.3%

Source: SHEV.io

Between 2018 and 2021, Belgium, Germany, and France led the export structure by value, together representing 83.9% of total flows. Belgium accounted for 56.1% of export value, Germany for 23.4%, and France for 4.5%.

Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from the Netherlands in value, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io

Imports sulphuric acid and oleum to the Netherlands

Imports in kind, K t

Imports of sulphuric acid and oleum into the Netherlands rose for the third year in a row. In 2021, volumes totaled 294.3 thousand tonnes, up 18.9% from the previous year. From 2018 to 2021, imports increased by 32.9%, with an annualized growth rate of 9.9%.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to the Netherlands in kind, 2018-2021, K t

Parameter		2019	2020	2021	CAGR
1	Change from last year	5.2%	6.2%	18.9%	9.9%

Source: SHEV.io

Throughout 2018-2021, Germany and Belgium were the primary suppliers to the Netherlands, together making up 93.9% of total import volumes, with other countries accounting for the remainder.

Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to the Netherlands in kind, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io

Imports in value, K $ US

The market showed notable volatility during this period. The lowest import value was recorded in 2020 at 20 616 thousand US dollars, while the highest was in 2021 at 41 626 thousand US dollars, representing a two-fold increase. In 2021, imports surged by 101.9% compared to the previous year. The largest decline occurred in 2019 at 9.7%.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to the Netherlands in value, 2018-2021, K $ US

Parameter		2019	2020	2021	CAGR
1	Change from last year	(9.7%)	(0.1%)	101.9%	22.1%

Source: SHEV.io

From 2018 to 2021, Germany and Belgium dominated as suppliers by value, together accounting for 83.1% of total imports, with other destinations each holding relatively small shares.

Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to the Netherlands in value, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io