Market research

Oxygen market in the Netherlands

Release date: Mar 29, 2026

Submission: 15 minutes after payment

Research period: 2017-2025

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File format: docx, xlsx

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Earlier Report Observations

The Dutch oxygen market experienced considerable fluctuations in physical volume between 2018 and 2024. After starting at 3 011 million m³ in 2018, market size declined over the next two years to 2 527 million m³ in 2020. A recovery followed in 2021 and 2022, bringing volume close to 2018 levels at 2 977 million m³. However, 2023 saw a dramatic contraction to 1 812 million m³, before a partial rebound to 2 153 million m³ in 2024.

In value terms, the market told a different story. Despite the volume drop in 2023, the market's value surged to 392 million USD, indicating a sharp increase in unit prices. This was preceded by steady value growth from 2021 onward. The following year, 2024, brought a decline in total value to 244.4 million USD, even as physical volume increased, suggesting a normalization of prices or a shift in product mix.

Table of content

1. Disclaimer
2. Terms of use of the report
3. Product codes in the statistical classifications used in the report
4. Key Market Indicators and Trends
1. 4.1. Key Market Indicators
  1. 4.1.1. In kind
    1. 4.1.1.1. Production, 2018-2024
    2. 4.1.1.2. Imports, 2018-2025
    3. 4.1.1.3. Exports, 2018-2025
    4. 4.1.1.4. Market size, 2018-2024
  2. 4.1.2. In value
    1. 4.1.2.1. Production, 2018-2024
    2. 4.1.2.2. Imports, 2018-2025
    3. 4.1.2.3. Exports, 2018-2025
    4. 4.1.2.4. Market size, 2018-2024
2. 4.2. Market Trends and Factors
5. Production
1. 5.1. Production in the Netherlands
  1. 5.1.1. In kind, 2018-2024, M m³
  2. 5.1.2. In value, 2018-2024, M $ US
2. 5.2. Production in the EU, 2018-2024
  1. 5.2.1. In kind, 2018-2024, M m³
  2. 5.2.2. In value, 2018-2024, M $ US
6. Exports
1. 6.1. Exports (Direct Data)
  1. 6.1.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 6.1.2. Exports in kind, M m³
    1. 6.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from the Netherlands in kind, 2018-2025, M m³
    2. 6.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from the Netherlands by countries, 2018-2025, M m³
    3. 6.1.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2025
  3. 6.1.3. Exports in value, K $ US
    1. 6.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from the Netherlands in value, 2018-2025, K $ US
    2. 6.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from the Netherlands by countries, 2018-2025, K $ US
    3. 6.1.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2025
  4. 6.1.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/K m³
    1. 6.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from the Netherlands, 2018-2025, $ US/K m³
    2. 6.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from the Netherlands by countries, 2018-2025, $ US/K m³
2. 6.2. Exports (Mirror Data)
  1. 6.2.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 6.2.2. Exports in kind, M m³
    1. 6.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from the Netherlands in kind, 2018-2025, M m³
    2. 6.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from the Netherlands by countries, 2018-2025, M m³
    3. 6.2.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2025
  3. 6.2.3. Exports in value, K $ US
    1. 6.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from the Netherlands in value, 2018-2025, K $ US
    2. 6.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from the Netherlands by countries, 2018-2025, K $ US
    3. 6.2.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2025
  4. 6.2.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/K m³
    1. 6.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from the Netherlands, 2018-2025, $ US/K m³
    2. 6.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from the Netherlands by countries, 2018-2025, $ US/K m³
7. Imports
1. 7.1. Imports (Direct Data)
  1. 7.1.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 7.1.2. Imports in kind, M m³
    1. 7.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to the Netherlands in kind, 2018-2025, M m³
    2. 7.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to the Netherlands by countries, 2018-2025, M m³
    3. 7.1.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2025
  3. 7.1.3. Imports in value, K $ US
    1. 7.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to the Netherlands in value, 2018-2025, K $ US
    2. 7.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to the Netherlands by countries, 2018-2025, K $ US
    3. 7.1.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2025
  4. 7.1.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/K m³
    1. 7.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to the Netherlands, 2018-2025, $ US/K m³
    2. 7.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to the Netherlands by countries, 2018-2025, $ US/K m³
2. 7.2. Imports (Mirror Data)
  1. 7.2.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 7.2.2. Imports in kind, M m³
    1. 7.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to the Netherlands in kind, 2018-2025, M m³
    2. 7.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to the Netherlands by countries, 2018-2025, M m³
    3. 7.2.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2025
  3. 7.2.3. Imports in value, K $ US
    1. 7.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to the Netherlands in value, 2018-2025, K $ US
    2. 7.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to the Netherlands by countries, 2018-2025, K $ US
    3. 7.2.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2025
  4. 7.2.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/K m³
    1. 7.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to the Netherlands, 2018-2025, $ US/K m³
    2. 7.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to the Netherlands by countries, 2018-2025, $ US/K m³
8. Trade balance
1. 8.1. Trade balance (Direct Data)
  1. 8.1.1. In kind, M m³
  2. 8.1.2. In value, K $ US
2. 8.2. Trade balance (Mirror Data)
  1. 8.2.1. In kind, M m³
  2. 8.2.2. In value, K $ US
9. Top buying and selling countries, 2018-2025
1. 9.1. Direct Data
  1. 9.1.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.1.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers
2. 9.2. Mirror Data
  1. 9.2.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.2.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers

Production oxygen in the Netherlands

In value, 2018-2021, M $ US

Oxygen production in the Netherlands rebounded after two years of losses. In 2021, output reached 182.5 million US dollars, marking a significant year-on-year increase of 32.4%. Over the period from 2018 to 2021, production grew by 10%, with a compound annual growth rate of 3.2%. The lowest value was recorded in 2020 at 137.8 million US dollars, which also saw the largest decline of 10.7%.

Annual dynamics of production in the Netherlands in value, 2018-2021, M $ US

Parameter		2019	2020	2021	CAGR
1	Change from last year	(7.0%)	(10.7%)	32.4%	3.2%

Source: SHEV.io

In kind, 2018-2021, M m³

Oxygen production in the Netherlands recovered following a two-year decline. In 2021, the country produced 2,762 million cubic meters of oxygen, representing a 10.5% increase compared to the previous year. Between 2018 and 2021, overall production decreased by 7.9%, translating to an annualized rate of decline of 2.7%. The lowest output was recorded in 2020 at 2,500 million cubic meters, which experienced the steepest drop of 13.6%.

Annual dynamics of production in the Netherlands in kind, 2018-2021, M m³

Parameter		2019	2020	2021	CAGR
1	Change from last year	(3.6%)	(13.6%)	10.5%	(2.7%)

Source: SHEV.io

Exports oxygen from the Netherlands

Exports in kind, M m³

Oxygen export volumes from the Netherlands declined for the third consecutive year. In 2021, exports amounted to 2.7 million cubic meters, a 28.7% decrease compared to 2020. From 2018 to 2021, exports fell by 93.2%, with an annualized decline rate of 59.2%.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from the Netherlands in kind, 2018-2021, M m³

Parameter		2019	2020	2021	CAGR
1	Change from last year	(11.2%)	(89.2%)	(28.7%)	(59.2%)

Source: SHEV.io

Between 2018 and 2021, oxygen exports were heavily concentrated on Belgium, which accounted for 94.7% of total export volumes.

Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from the Netherlands in kind, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io

Exports in value, K $ US

Cross-border shipments of oxygen from the Netherlands declined for the third year in a row. In 2021, exports totaled 4,615 thousand US dollars, reflecting a sharp decline of 11.7% compared to the previous year. From 2018 to 2021, export value decreased by 39.9%, with an annualized rate of decline of 15.6%.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from the Netherlands in value, 2018-2021, K $ US

Parameter		2019	2020	2021	CAGR
1	Change from last year	(4.7%)	(28.6%)	(11.7%)	(15.6%)

Source: SHEV.io

From 2018 to 2021, Belgium remained the primary market for oxygen exports in value terms, holding an 81.6% share of total flows, while the remaining volume was distributed across numerous other destinations.

Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from the Netherlands in value, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io

Imports oxygen to the Netherlands

Imports in kind, M m³

Import volumes showed significant volatility during this period. The Netherlands imported approximately 144.3 million cubic meters of oxygen in 2021, a steep increase of 363.8% compared to 2020. The lowest value was recorded in 2020 at 31.1 million cubic meters, which saw the largest decline of 63.0%. Between 2019 and 2021, imports peaked in 2021 and bottomed out in 2020, with a 4.6-fold difference between these years.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to the Netherlands in kind, 2018-2021, M m³

Parameter		2019	2020	2021	CAGR
1	Change from last year	68.1%	(63.0%)	363.8%	42.4%

Source: SHEV.io

Over the 2018–2021 period, Belgium served as the main source for oxygen imports to the Netherlands, consistently accounting for 95.0% of total import volumes.

Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to the Netherlands in kind, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io

Imports in value, K $ US

Imported oxygen volumes in the Netherlands increased after two years of reduction. In 2021, imports reached a total value of oxygen in 2021, equivalent to a sharp increase of 56.3% compared to 2020. Between 2018 and 2021, imports grew by 12.6%, with an annualized growth rate of 4.0%. The lowest value was recorded in 2020 at 20,632 thousand US dollars, which experienced the largest decline of 16.3%.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to the Netherlands in value, 2018-2021, K $ US

Parameter		2019	2020	2021	CAGR
1	Change from last year	(14.0%)	(16.3%)	56.3%	4.0%

Source: SHEV.io

From 2018 to 2021, Belgium continued to be the dominant partner for oxygen imports in value terms to the Netherlands, with a share of 74.2% of total flows, while other markets contributed to a long tail of smaller shares.

Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to the Netherlands in value, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io