Market research

Nutmeg, mace and cardamoms market in SADC

Release date: Mar 28, 2026

Submission: 15 minutes after payment

Research period: 2017-2025

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File format: docx, xlsx

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"SADC" region includes following countries:

Angola

Botswana

Comoros

Democratic Republic of the Congo

Eswatini

Lesotho

Madagascar

Malawi

Mauritius

Mozambique

Namibia

Seychelles

South Africa

Tanzania

Zambia

Zimbabwe

Earlier Report Observations

The nutmeg, mace and cardamoms market in SADC stood at 1 400 t in 2018 but contracted over the following two years, declining to 1 275 t by 2020. This reduction occurred despite stable domestic production and gradually increasing imports, as a sixfold rise in exports over the period drew volume away from the local market.

A turnaround began in 2021, with market volume growing steadily to reach 1 450 t in 2023. This expansion was fueled primarily by a sharp increase in imports, which jumped from 538 t in 2020 to 748 t in 2022, while exports grew at a slower rate after 2022. Domestic production remained largely unchanged, fluctuating between 909 t and 936 t annually.

Table of content

1. Disclaimer
2. Terms of use of the report
3. Product codes in the statistical classifications used in the report
4. Key Market Indicators and Trends
1. 4.1. Key Market Indicators
  1. 4.1.1. In kind
    1. 4.1.1.1. Production, 2018-2023
    2. 4.1.1.2. Imports, 2018-2024
    3. 4.1.1.3. Exports, 2018-2024
    4. 4.1.1.4. Market size, 2018-2023
2. 4.2. Market Trends and Factors
5. Production
1. 5.1. Production in SADC
  1. 5.1.1. Annual dynamics of production in SADC in kind, 2018-2023, t
2. 5.2. Global production by Country, 2018-2023
  1. 5.2.1. Annual dynamics of production by macroregions in kind, 2018-2023, t
  2. 5.2.2. Dynamics of production structure by macroregions in kind, 2018-2023
  3. 5.2.3. Annual dynamics of production by country in kind, 2018-2023, t
  4. 5.2.4. Structure of production by countries in kind, 2018-2023
  5. 5.2.5. Dynamics of peoduction structure by countries in kind, 2018-2023
6. Imports
1. 6.1. Imports (Direct Data*)
  1. 6.1.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 6.1.2. Imports in kind, t
    1. 6.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Angola in kind, 2018-2024, t
    2. 6.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to Angola by countries, 2018-2024, t
    3. 6.1.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 6.1.3. Imports in value, K $ US
    1. 6.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Angola in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 6.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to Angola by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 6.1.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 6.1.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/kg
    1. 6.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to Angola, 2018-2024, $ US/kg
    2. 6.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to Angola by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/kg
2. 6.2. Imports (Mirror Data)
  1. 6.2.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 6.2.2. Imports in kind, t
    1. 6.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Angola in kind, 2018-2024, t
    2. 6.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to Angola by countries, 2018-2024, t
    3. 6.2.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 6.2.3. Imports in value, K $ US
    1. 6.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Angola in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 6.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to Angola by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 6.2.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 6.2.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/kg
    1. 6.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to Angola, 2018-2024, $ US/kg
    2. 6.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to Angola by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/kg
7. Exports
1. 7.1. Exports (Direct Data*)
  1. 7.1.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 7.1.2. Exports in kind, t
    1. 7.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Angola in kind, 2018-2024, t
    2. 7.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from Angola by countries, 2018-2024, t
    3. 7.1.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 7.1.3. Exports in value, K $ US
    1. 7.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Angola in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 7.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from Angola by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 7.1.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 7.1.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/kg
    1. 7.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from Angola, 2018-2024, $ US/kg
    2. 7.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from Angola by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/kg
2. 7.2. Exports (Mirror Data)
  1. 7.2.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 7.2.2. Exports in kind, t
    1. 7.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Angola in kind, 2018-2024, t
    2. 7.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from Angola by countries, 2018-2024, t
    3. 7.2.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 7.2.3. Exports in value, K $ US
    1. 7.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Angola in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 7.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from Angola by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 7.2.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 7.2.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/kg
    1. 7.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from Angola, 2018-2024, $ US/kg
    2. 7.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from Angola by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/kg
8. Trade balance
1. 8.1. Trade balance (Direct Data)
  1. 8.1.1. In kind, t
  2. 8.1.2. In value, K $ US
2. 8.2. Trade balance (Mirror Data)
  1. 8.2.1. In kind, t
  2. 8.2.2. In value, K $ US
9. Top buying and selling countries, 2018-2024
1. 9.1. Direct Data
  1. 9.1.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.1.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers
2. 9.2. Mirror Data
  1. 9.2.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.2.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers

Production nutmeg, mace and cardamoms in SADC

In kind, 2017-2020, t

Top producers of nutmeg, mace and cardamoms, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of production of nutmeg, mace and cardamoms, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

SADC's production of nutmeg, mace, and cardamoms declined after two years of growth. In 2020, the region produced 909.8 tonnes, marking a 1.8% decrease from the previous year. The highest production level was recorded in 2019 at 926.2 tonnes, while the largest annual increase occurred in 2018 at 1.8%.

Annual dynamics of production in SADC in kind, 2017-2020, t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	1.8%	1.7%	(1.8%)	0.6%

Source: SHEV.io

Exports nutmeg, mace and cardamoms from SADC

Exports in kind, t

The data shows irregular changes, reflecting a volatile market environment. Exports reached their lowest point in 2018 at 27.0 tonnes, with a 64.7% decline that year. In 2019, exports surged by 367.4%, and by 2020 they reached 171.9 tonnes, representing a 36.2% increase from the previous year. The difference between the 2018 minimum and 2020 maximum was 6.4-fold.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from SADC in kind, 2017-2020, t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	(64.7%)	367.4%	36.2%	31.0%

Source: SHEV.io

From 2017 to 2020, the export partner structure was balanced rather than concentrated. The United Kingdom accounted for 21.9% of exports in kind, Australia for 13.3%, and India for 12.7%, together representing 47.9% of total flows. Many other countries accounted for the remaining 52.1%.

Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from SADC in kind, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Exports in value, K $ US

Nutmeg, mace, and cardamoms export volumes from SADC increased for the third consecutive year. In 2020, exports reached 1 375 thousand US dollars, up 13.1% from 2019. Between 2017 and 2020, exports grew by 152.7%, equivalent to an annualized rate of 36.2%.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from SADC in value, 2017-2020, K $ US

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	49.5%	49.4%	13.1%	36.2%

Source: SHEV.io

From 2017 to 2020, the main destinations for SADC's nutmeg, mace, and cardamoms exports in value terms were the United Kingdom with 33.7%, Qatar with 13.8%, and India with 13.6%. Together, these three countries accounted for 61.2% of total export flows.

Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from SADC in value, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Imports nutmeg, mace and cardamoms to SADC

Imports in kind, t

Nutmeg, mace, and cardamoms shipments to SADC from abroad increased for the second consecutive year. In 2020, imports reached approximately 537.2 tonnes, up 0.7% from the previous year. The lowest import level was recorded in 2018 at 516.4 tonnes, with a 3.6% decline that year. The largest annual increase occurred in 2019 at 3.3%.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to SADC in kind, 2017-2020, t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	(3.6%)	3.3%	0.7%	0.1%

Source: SHEV.io

From 2017 to 2020, India accounted for 26.7% of imports in kind, Vietnam for 20.3%, and Indonesia for 13.8%. Together, these three countries absorbed 60.8% of total nutmeg, mace, and cardamoms imports to SADC, making them the main sources.

Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to SADC in kind, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Imports in value, K $ US

Nutmeg, mace, and cardamoms deliveries to SADC increased for the second consecutive year. In 2020, imports were recorded at 4 714 thousand US dollars, showing a moderate 8.9% increase from 2019. Between 2017 and 2020, imports grew by 17%, equivalent to an annualized rate of 5.4%. The lowest value was in 2018 at 3 598 thousand US dollars, with a 10.7% decline that year. The largest annual increase occurred in 2019 at 20.3%.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to SADC in value, 2017-2020, K $ US

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	(10.7%)	20.3%	8.9%	5.4%

Source: SHEV.io

Throughout 2017 to 2020, the three largest markets for SADC's imports in value terms were India, Guatemala, and Vietnam. Together, they accounted for 74.8% of total import flows.

Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to SADC in value, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io