Mustard seeds market in Southern Asia

Earlier Report Observations

From 2018 to 2020, mustard seed production in Southern Asia rose due to the adoption of hybrid varieties and seed treatment technologies, supported by government initiatives such as the Targeted Rice Fallow Area and National Food Security Mission oilseeds programs. These efforts increased yields and expanded cultivation, driving market volume growth from 215.9 thousand tons in 2018 to 236.7 thousand tons in 2020.

A special mustard program during the 2020-21 Rabi season led to further production gains in 2021, while imports surged to 63 thousand tons, more than triple the previous year's level. This caused a sharp 20% expansion in market volume to 284.6 thousand tons. Growth continued in 2022, with the market reaching 300 thousand tons despite lower farm harvest prices, reflecting sustained government support through training and schemes.

In 2023, the market volume contracted to 269 thousand tons as production declined. Industry projections from the Solvent Extractors' Association of India indicated production estimates below government forecasts, while the association launched long-term initiatives like the Model Mustard Farm Project to boost output. By 2024, mustard prices remained below the Minimum Support Price, and sowing area fell due to water shortages, signaling ongoing challenges for domestic supply.

Production mustard seeds in Southern Asia

In kind, 2017-2020, K t

Top producers of mustard seeds, 2017-2020

World map of production of mustard seeds, 2017-2020

Mustard seed production in Southern Asia has increased for the third consecutive year. In 2020, the region produced 216.0 K t of mustard seeds, marking a slight uptick of 1.9% compared to 2019. Over the period from 2017 to 2020, production grew by 33.7%, with a compound annual growth rate of 10.2%.

Annual dynamics of production in Southern Asia in kind, 2017-2020, K t

Exports mustard seeds from Southern Asia

Exports in kind, t

Exports of mustard seeds from Southern Asia have risen for the third year in a row. In 2020, exports reached 221 t, which is 33.8% higher than the previous year. From 2017 to 2020, exports surged by 313.2%, with a compound annual growth rate of 60.5%.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Southern Asia in kind, 2017-2020, t

From 2017 to 2020, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Bahrain were the top buyers of mustard seeds from Southern Asia, accounting for 34.3%, 28.4%, and 4.0% of exports in kind, respectively. Together, these three countries made up 66.8% of total exports in kind.

Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

World map of product's exports from Southern Asia in kind, 2017-2020

Exports in value, K $ US

The market showed an unstable trend over this period. Exports reached their lowest point in 2018 at 94 K $ US and peaked in 2019 at 256 K $ US, with a 2.7-fold difference between these years. In 2020, cross-border shipments of mustard seeds from Southern Asia amounted to 254 K $ US, a slight decrease of 0.6% from the previous year. The largest decline occurred in 2018, falling by 22.8%, while the largest increase was in 2019, rising by 173.4%.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Southern Asia in value, 2017-2020, K $ US

From 2017 to 2020, the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, and South Korea were the primary buyers of mustard seeds from Southern Asia in value terms, with shares of 28.9%, 25.4%, and 5.9% of exports, respectively. Collectively, they accounted for 60.2% of total exports in value terms.

Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2017-2020

World map of product's exports from Southern Asia in value, 2017-2020

Imports mustard seeds to Southern Asia

Imports in kind, t

In 2020, mustard seed imports to Southern Asia stood at 20 998 t, representing a modest gain of 7.1% from 2019. Over the period from 2017 to 2020, imports decreased by 16.2%, with a compound annual growth rate of -5.7%. The maximum value was recorded in 2018 at 31 317 t, while the minimum was in 2019 at 19 611 t. The largest decline occurred in 2019, dropping by 37.4%, and the largest increase was in 2018, rising by 25.0%.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Southern Asia in kind, 2017-2020, t

From 2017 to 2020, imports of mustard seeds to Southern Asia in kind were spread across many countries. Russia, Australia, and Canada were the leading sources, accounting for 32.4%, 3.7%, and 2.0% of imports in kind, respectively. Together, they made up 38.1% of total flows.

Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

World map of product's imports to Southern Asia in kind, 2017-2020

Imports in value, K $ US

There were noticeable fluctuations in market performance during this period. Imports reached their lowest point in 2019 at 15 818 K $ US and peaked in 2020, with a 1.8-fold difference between these years. In 2020, Southern Asia imported mustard seeds worth 254 K $ US, indicating an increase of 82.3% over the previous year. The largest decline was recorded in 2019, falling by 33.1%.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Southern Asia in value, 2017-2020, K $ US

The structure of imports in value terms from 2017 to 2020 can be described as diversified. Russia, Australia, and Canada were the top sources, accounting for 29.7%, 3.2%, and 2.1% of imports in value terms, respectively. Together, they represented just 35.0% of total flows, with no single country holding a clearly dominant position.

Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2017-2020

World map of product's imports to Southern Asia in value, 2017-2020