Market research

Mustard seeds market in Nepal

Release date: Mar 28, 2026

Submission: 15 minutes after payment

Research period: 2017-2025

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Earlier Report Observations

The mustard seeds market in Nepal expanded from 200.5 thousand tonnes in 2018 to a peak of 264.5 thousand tonnes in 2022. This growth was initially driven by a substantial 32% increase in harvested area in 2018, which elevated domestic production. Later, state policies supporting oilseed agriculture and the entry of new players attracted by rising domestic demand further sustained the market's upward trajectory.

After 2022, the market volume contracted to 231.6 thousand tonnes in 2023. This period coincided with a shift in consumer preferences toward organic and non-GMO products, spurring innovation within the sector. While this change in preferences marked an evolution in demand, it occurred alongside the overall market decline.

By 2024, the market experienced high domestic production and oversupply, which exerted downward pressure on prices. In response, regulatory measures were introduced, including an increase in the Minimum Support Price for the 2025-26 season, aiming to stabilize the market and support farmers under these conditions.

Table of content

1. Disclaimer
2. Terms of use of the report
3. Product codes in the statistical classifications used in the report
4. Key Market Indicators and Trends
1. 4.1. Key Market Indicators
  1. 4.1.1. In kind
    1. 4.1.1.1. Production, 2018-2023
    2. 4.1.1.2. Imports, 2018-2024
    3. 4.1.1.3. Exports, 2018-2024
    4. 4.1.1.4. Market size, 2018-2023
2. 4.2. Market Trends and Factors
5. Production
1. 5.1. Production in Nepal
  1. 5.1.1. Annual dynamics of production in Nepal in kind, 2018-2023, K t
  2. 5.1.2. Annual dynamics of production in Nepal in value, 2018-2023, $ US
2. 5.2. Global production by Country, 2018-2023
  1. 5.2.1. Annual dynamics of production by macroregions in kind, 2018-2023, K t
  2. 5.2.2. Dynamics of production structure by macroregions in kind, 2018-2023
  3. 5.2.3. Annual dynamics of production by country in kind, 2018-2023, K t
  4. 5.2.4. Structure of production by countries in kind, 2018-2023
  5. 5.2.5. Dynamics of peoduction structure by countries in kind, 2018-2023
6. Exports
1. 6.1. Exports (Direct Data*)
  1. 6.1.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 6.1.2. Exports in kind, t
    1. 6.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Nepal in kind, 2018-2024, t
    2. 6.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from Nepal by countries, 2018-2024, t
    3. 6.1.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 6.1.3. Exports in value, K $ US
    1. 6.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Nepal in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 6.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from Nepal by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 6.1.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 6.1.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/t
    1. 6.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from Nepal, 2018-2024, $ US/t
    2. 6.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from Nepal by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/t
2. 6.2. Exports (Mirror Data)
  1. 6.2.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 6.2.2. Exports in kind, t
    1. 6.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Nepal in kind, 2018-2024, t
    2. 6.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from Nepal by countries, 2018-2024, t
    3. 6.2.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 6.2.3. Exports in value, K $ US
    1. 6.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Nepal in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 6.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from Nepal by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 6.2.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 6.2.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/t
    1. 6.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from Nepal, 2018-2024, $ US/t
    2. 6.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from Nepal by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/t
7. Imports
1. 7.1. Imports (Direct Data*)
  1. 7.1.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 7.1.2. Imports in kind, t
    1. 7.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Nepal in kind, 2018-2024, t
    2. 7.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to Nepal by countries, 2018-2024, t
    3. 7.1.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 7.1.3. Imports in value, K $ US
    1. 7.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Nepal in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 7.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to Nepal by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 7.1.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 7.1.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/t
    1. 7.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to Nepal, 2018-2024, $ US/t
    2. 7.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to Nepal by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/t
2. 7.2. Imports (Mirror Data)
  1. 7.2.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 7.2.2. Imports in kind, t
    1. 7.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Nepal in kind, 2018-2024, t
    2. 7.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to Nepal by countries, 2018-2024, t
    3. 7.2.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 7.2.3. Imports in value, K $ US
    1. 7.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Nepal in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 7.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to Nepal by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 7.2.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 7.2.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/t
    1. 7.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to Nepal, 2018-2024, $ US/t
    2. 7.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to Nepal by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/t
8. Trade balance
1. 8.1. Trade balance (Direct Data)
  1. 8.1.1. In kind, t
  2. 8.1.2. In value, K $ US
2. 8.2. Trade balance (Mirror Data)
  1. 8.2.1. In kind, t
  2. 8.2.2. In value, K $ US
9. Top buying and selling countries, 2018-2024
1. 9.1. Direct Data
  1. 9.1.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.1.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers
2. 9.2. Mirror Data
  1. 9.2.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.2.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers

Production mustard seeds in Nepal

In kind, 2017-2020, K t

From 2017 to 2020, Nepal was the world's largest producer of mustard seeds.

Top producers of mustard seeds, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of production of mustard seeds, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Mustard seed production in Nepal grew for the third consecutive year. In 2020, the country produced 214.1 thousand tons of mustard seeds, marking a 2.1% increase compared to 2019. Over the 2017-2020 period, production rose by 34%, with an average annual growth rate of 10.3%.

Annual dynamics of production in Nepal in kind, 2017-2020, K t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	14.5%	14.7%	2.1%	10.3%

Source: SHEV.io

Exports mustard seeds from Nepal

Exports in kind, t

In 2018, the volume of mustard seeds exported from Nepal was 3 tons, representing a 45.5% decrease from the previous year.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Nepal in kind, 2017-2020, t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	(45.5%)	n/a	n/a	-

Source: SHEV.io

Between 2017 and 2020, Nepal's mustard seed exports in volume terms were heavily concentrated in a single market: China, which accounted for 99.9% of total flows.

Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from Nepal in kind, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Exports in value, K $ US

In 2018, Nepal's mustard seed export value was recorded at 2 thousand US dollars, reflecting a 49.1% year-over-year decline.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Nepal in value, 2017-2020, K $ US

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	(49.1%)	n/a	n/a	-

Source: SHEV.io

From 2017 to 2020, China dominated the geographical structure of Nepal's mustard seed exports in value terms, holding a 99.4% share of total flows.

Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from Nepal in value, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Imports mustard seeds to Nepal

Imports in kind, t

The market exhibited volatility during the observed period. Imports reached their lowest point in 2019 at 16 895 tons, then peaked in 2020 at 30 178 tons, representing a 1.8-fold increase. The 2020 figure marked a 78.6% gain compared to 2019. The largest decline occurred in 2019, with a drop of 3.7%.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Nepal in kind, 2017-2020, t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	2.6%	(3.7%)	78.6%	20.8%

Source: SHEV.io

Between 2017 and 2020, Nepal's mustard seed imports in volume terms showed a strong dependence on India, which accounted for 96.5% of total imports.

Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to Nepal in kind, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Imports in value, K $ US

Market performance showed noticeable fluctuations over the period. Import values dropped to a minimum in 2019 at 9 452 thousand US dollars, then climbed to a maximum in 2020 at 18 482 thousand US dollars, a two-fold shift. The 2020 value was up by 95.5% compared to 2019. The largest decline was recorded in 2019, at 7.9%.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Nepal in value, 2017-2020, K $ US