Barley market Turkey

Earlier Report Observations

Turkey's barley market volume grew from 7.6 million metric tons in 2018 to 9.2 million in 2020, supported by a presidential decree that suspended import duties until April 2021, which facilitated higher imports. During this period, the state-owned Toprak Mahsulleri Ofisi (TMO) consistently set purchase prices, stabilizing the market and encouraging domestic production.

Following a contraction to 8.0 million metric tons in 2021, where output fell sharply despite TMO's increased price supports, the market rebounded to 10.6 million by 2023. Local government initiatives, such as certified seed distribution by the Gaziantep Metropolitan Municipality in 2022, aided production recovery, while TMO's ongoing price announcements and drought conditions affecting yields underscored the market's regulatory and climatic influences.

Production barley Turkey

In kind, 2017-2020, K t

Turkey was among the world's leading barley producers from 2017 to 2020, ranking 8th globally by production volume.

Top producers of barley, 2017-2020

World map of production of barley, 2017-2020

Turkey's barley production increased for the second consecutive year. In 2020, the country produced 8 300 K t of barley, representing a moderate uptick of 9.2% from the previous year. Between 2017 and 2020, production grew by 16.9%, equating to an annualized rate of 5.3%. The lowest production level was recorded in 2018 at 7 000 K t, which also saw the largest decline of 1.4%.

Annual dynamics of production Turkey in kind, 2017-2020, K t

In value, 2017-2020, M $ US

After two years of gains, barley production in Turkey declined in value terms. In 2020, the output was valued at 1 529 M $ US, marking a significant reduction of 19.8% compared to the previous year. However, between 2017 and 2020, production value increased by 18.1%, with an annualized growth rate of 5.7%. The highest value was recorded in 2019 at 1 906 M $ US, which also experienced the largest increase of 24.1%.

Annual dynamics of production Turkey in value, 2017-2020, M $ US

Exports barley to Turkey

Exports in kind, K t

The data reveals irregular changes, indicating a volatile market environment. Exports reached their lowest point in 2020 and peaked in 2018, with a 14.5-fold difference between these years. In 2020, Turkey's barley export volume was 14.1 K t, showing a reduction of 65.7% year-over-year. The maximum export volume was recorded in 2018 at 205.3 K t. The largest decline occurred in 2019 at 79.9%, while the largest increase was in 2018 at 134.3%.

Annual dynamics of product's exports to Turkey in kind, 2017-2020, K t

From 2017 to 2020, Iraq and Syria remained the primary destinations for Turkey's barley exports in kind, jointly accounting for 88.6% of total flows. Other partners each held significantly smaller shares.

Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

World map of product's exports to Turkey in kind, 2017-2020

Exports in value, M $ US

The data shows irregular changes, reflecting a volatile market environment. Exports bottomed in 2020 and peaked in 2018, with a 17-fold difference between these years. In 2020, Turkey's barley exports amounted to 2.6 M $ US, down by 74.8% compared to 2019. The maximum value was recorded in 2018 at 45.0 M $ US. The largest decline occurred in 2019 at 77.1%, while the largest increase was in 2018 at 181.7%.

Annual dynamics of product's exports to Turkey in value, 2017-2020, M $ US

Throughout 2017–2020, Iraq and Syria clearly dominated Turkey's barley exports in value terms, jointly accounting for 88.4% of total flows. Other countries held much smaller shares.

Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2017-2020

World map of product's exports to Turkey in value, 2017-2020

Imports barley in Turkey

Imports in kind, K t

There were noticeable fluctuations in market performance during this period. Imports reached their minimum in 2017 and peaked in 2020, with a 2-fold variation between these years. In 2020, Turkey imported 889.3 K t of barley, showing an advance of 58.0% compared to the previous year. The largest decline was recorded in 2019 at 29.8%, while the largest increase occurred in 2018 at 79.4%.

Annual dynamics of product's imports in Turkey in kind, 2017-2020, K t

From 2017 to 2020, Russia (42.4% of imports in kind), Ukraine (18.9% of imports in kind), and Syria (14.9% of imports in kind) consistently remained the main sources for Turkey's barley imports in kind, together accounting for 76.1% of total flows.

Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

World map of product's imports in Turkey in kind, 2017-2020

Imports in value, M $ US

The market exhibited an unstable trend throughout the timeframe. Imports reached their trough in 2017 and peaked in 2018, showing a 2.2-fold variation. In 2020, Turkey's barley imports stood at 163.4 M $ US, marking a sudden improvement of 34.8% year-over-year. The maximum value was recorded in 2018 at 186.4 M $ US. The largest decline occurred in 2019 at 35.0%, while the largest increase was in 2018 at 122.5%.

Annual dynamics of product's imports in Turkey in value, 2017-2020, M $ US

Throughout 2017–2020, Russia (43.5% of imports in value terms), Ukraine (18.2% of imports in value terms), and Syria (11.1% of imports in value terms) formed the key group of partners for Turkey's barley imports in value terms, jointly representing 72.9% of total flows.

Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2017-2020

World map of product's imports in Turkey in value, 2017-2020