Market research

Maize market in Ghana

Release date: Mar 28, 2026

Submission: 15 minutes after payment

Research period: 2017-2025

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Earlier Report Observations

Maize production in Ghana showed consistent growth from 2 306 thousand tonnes in 2018 to 3 203 thousand tonnes by 2021, with the overall market volume expanding similarly over this period.

In October 2022, the inauguration of a modern maize processing plant under the 'One District, One Factory' initiative added new production capacity, supporting further output increases. Concurrently, shifting consumer preferences towards whole grain and healthy maize products bolstered domestic consumption, contributing to market growth. Production rose to 3 256 thousand tonnes in 2022 and reached 3 579 thousand tonnes in 2023.

As a result, the total maize market volume in Ghana increased from 2 388 thousand tonnes in 2018 to 3 607 thousand tonnes in 2023, reflecting a steady expansion throughout the six-year span.

Table of content

1. Disclaimer
2. Terms of use of the report
3. Product codes in the statistical classifications used in the report
4. Key Market Indicators and Trends
1. 4.1. Key Market Indicators
  1. 4.1.1. In kind
    1. 4.1.1.1. Production, 2018-2023
    2. 4.1.1.2. Imports, 2018-2024
    3. 4.1.1.3. Exports, 2018-2024
    4. 4.1.1.4. Market size, 2018-2023
2. 4.2. Market Trends and Factors
5. Production
1. 5.1. Production in Ghana
  1. 5.1.1. Annual dynamics of production in Ghana in kind, 2018-2023, K t
  2. 5.1.2. Annual dynamics of production in Ghana in value, 2018-2023, $ US
2. 5.2. Global production by Country, 2018-2023
  1. 5.2.1. Annual dynamics of production by macroregions in kind, 2018-2023, K t
  2. 5.2.2. Dynamics of production structure by macroregions in kind, 2018-2023
  3. 5.2.3. Annual dynamics of production by country in kind, 2018-2023, K t
  4. 5.2.4. Structure of production by countries in kind, 2018-2023
  5. 5.2.5. Dynamics of peoduction structure by countries in kind, 2018-2023
6. Exports
1. 6.1. Exports (Direct Data*)
  1. 6.1.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 6.1.2. Exports in kind, K t
    1. 6.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Ghana in kind, 2018-2024, K t
    2. 6.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from Ghana by countries, 2018-2024, K t
    3. 6.1.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 6.1.3. Exports in value, K $ US
    1. 6.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Ghana in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 6.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from Ghana by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 6.1.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 6.1.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/t
    1. 6.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from Ghana, 2018-2024, $ US/t
    2. 6.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from Ghana by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/t
2. 6.2. Exports (Mirror Data)
  1. 6.2.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 6.2.2. Exports in kind, K t
    1. 6.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Ghana in kind, 2018-2024, K t
    2. 6.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from Ghana by countries, 2018-2024, K t
    3. 6.2.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 6.2.3. Exports in value, K $ US
    1. 6.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Ghana in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 6.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from Ghana by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 6.2.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 6.2.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/t
    1. 6.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from Ghana, 2018-2024, $ US/t
    2. 6.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from Ghana by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/t
7. Imports
1. 7.1. Imports (Direct Data*)
  1. 7.1.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 7.1.2. Imports in kind, K t
    1. 7.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Ghana in kind, 2018-2024, K t
    2. 7.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to Ghana by countries, 2018-2024, K t
    3. 7.1.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 7.1.3. Imports in value, K $ US
    1. 7.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Ghana in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 7.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to Ghana by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 7.1.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 7.1.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/t
    1. 7.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to Ghana, 2018-2024, $ US/t
    2. 7.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to Ghana by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/t
2. 7.2. Imports (Mirror Data)
  1. 7.2.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 7.2.2. Imports in kind, K t
    1. 7.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Ghana in kind, 2018-2024, K t
    2. 7.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to Ghana by countries, 2018-2024, K t
    3. 7.2.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 7.2.3. Imports in value, K $ US
    1. 7.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Ghana in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 7.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to Ghana by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 7.2.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 7.2.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/t
    1. 7.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to Ghana, 2018-2024, $ US/t
    2. 7.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to Ghana by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/t
8. Trade balance
1. 8.1. Trade balance (Direct Data)
  1. 8.1.1. In kind, K t
  2. 8.1.2. In value, K $ US
2. 8.2. Trade balance (Mirror Data)
  1. 8.2.1. In kind, K t
  2. 8.2.2. In value, K $ US
9. Top buying and selling countries, 2018-2024
1. 9.1. Direct Data
  1. 9.1.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.1.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers
2. 9.2. Mirror Data
  1. 9.2.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.2.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers

Production maize in Ghana

In kind, 2017-2020, K t

Top producers of maize, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of production of maize, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Ghana's maize production has increased for the third consecutive year. In 2020, the country produced 3 071 thousand tonnes of maize, marking a 5.5% improvement over the previous year. Over the period from 2017 to 2020, production grew by 52.7%, with a compound annual growth rate of 15.2%.

Annual dynamics of production in Ghana in kind, 2017-2020, K t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	14.7%	26.2%	5.5%	15.2%

Source: SHEV.io

Exports maize from Ghana

Exports in kind, t

The market exhibited significant volatility during these years. Exports bottomed in 2018 and peaked in 2020, with a 75-fold difference between these years. In 2020, Ghana's maize exports totalled 14 377 tonnes, representing a sharp rise of 5 440.5% compared to the previous year. The minimum value was recorded in 2018 at 192 tonnes, with the largest decline of 95.2% also occurring in that year.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Ghana in kind, 2017-2020, t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	(95.2%)	34.8%	5 440.5%	53.5%

Source: SHEV.io

From 2017 to 2020, Ghana's maize exports were primarily shipped to Niger, which accounted for 96.7% of total exports in volume.

Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from Ghana in kind, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Exports in value, K $ US

Market performance showed noticeable fluctuations during this period. Exports reached a low in 2019 and a high in 2020, varying by a 56-fold difference. In 2020, maize shipments from Ghana abroad reached 1 516 thousand US dollars, up by 5 529.5% compared to the previous year. The minimum value was recorded in 2019 at 27 thousand US dollars, with the largest decline of 86.4% also in that year.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Ghana in value, 2017-2020, K $ US

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	(51.2%)	(86.4%)	5 529.5%	55.4%

Source: SHEV.io

Over the period from 2017 to 2020, Niger was the key and nearly sole market for Ghana's maize exports in value terms, accounting for 96.6% of total flows.

Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from Ghana in value, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Imports maize to Ghana

Imports in kind, t

The data reveals irregular changes, indicating a volatile market environment. Imports reached their lowest point in 2020 and their highest in 2018, reflecting a 14.3-fold gap. In 2020, Ghana's maize imports stood at 5 730 tonnes, representing an intense decrease of 35.0% relative to the prior year. The maximum value was recorded in 2018 at 81 708 tonnes. The largest decline of 89.2% occurred in 2019, while the largest increase of 100.9% was recorded in 2018.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Ghana in kind, 2017-2020, t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	100.9%	(89.2%)	(35.0%)	(48.0%)

Source: SHEV.io

From 2017 to 2020, Argentina, South Africa, and Russia were the biggest contributors to Ghana's maize imports in volume, accounting for 49.5%, 19.1%, and 13.0% of imports, respectively. Together, they made up 81.7% of total flows.

Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to Ghana in kind, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Imports in value, K $ US

The market showed signs of volatility over the observed period. Imports were at their lowest in 2020 and their highest in 2018, reflecting a 3.2-fold gap. In 2020, Ghana imported 7 057 thousand US dollars of maize, marking a loss of 11.5% relative to the prior year. The maximum value was recorded in 2018 at 22 797 thousand US dollars. The largest decline of 65.0% occurred in 2019, while the largest increase of 132.8% was recorded in 2018.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Ghana in value, 2017-2020, K $ US

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	132.8%	(65.0%)	(11.5%)	(10.3%)

Source: SHEV.io

In the period from 2017 to 2020, Argentina, South Africa, and Russia were the largest suppliers of maize to Ghana in value terms, accounting for 33.4%, 29.8%, and 10.1% of imports, respectively. Together, they formed 73.3% of total imports in value terms.

Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to Ghana in value, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io