Market research

Wood fuel market in ECOWAS

Release date: Mar 30, 2026

Submission: 15 minutes after payment

Research period: 2017-2025

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"ECOWAS" region includes following countries:

Benin

Burkina Faso

Gambia

Ghana

Guinea

Guinea-Bissau

Côte d'Ivoire

Cabo Verde

Liberia

Mali

Niger

Nigeria

Senegal

Sierra Leone

Togo

Earlier Report Observations

The wood fuel market in the ECOWAS region expanded consistently from 2018 to 2023, with market volume rising from 202.5 million m³ to 216.0 million m³. This growth was primarily fueled by increasing demand linked to urbanization and industrialization, coupled with continued reliance on traditional energy sources due to insufficient petroleum product supply from state-owned companies like PETROCI and SIR.

The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 introduced supply chain disruptions, yet consumption continued to rise. Concurrently, rural electrification programs and policies promoting renewable energy began to reshape the energy landscape, though population growth and economic activity sustained solid demand for wood fuel.

In the following years, the start of natural gas production at the Baleine field and a stronger policy focus on renewable energy presented potential alternatives. However, the wood fuel market maintained its upward trajectory, underscoring its entrenched role in the region's energy mix.

Table of content

1. Disclaimer
2. Terms of use of the report
3. Product codes in the statistical classifications used in the report
4. Key Market Indicators and Trends
1. 4.1. Key Market Indicators
  1. 4.1.1. In kind
    1. 4.1.1.1. Production, 2018-2023
    2. 4.1.1.2. Imports, 2018-2024
    3. 4.1.1.3. Exports, 2018-2024
    4. 4.1.1.4. Market size, 2018-2023
2. 4.2. Market Trends and Factors
5. Production
1. 5.1. Production in ECOWAS
  1. 5.1.1. Annual dynamics of production in ECOWAS in kind, 2018-2023, M m³
2. 5.2. Global production by Country, 2018-2023
  1. 5.2.1. Annual dynamics of production by macroregions in kind, 2018-2023, M m³
  2. 5.2.2. Dynamics of production structure by macroregions in kind, 2018-2023
  3. 5.2.3. Annual dynamics of production by country in kind, 2018-2023, M m³
  4. 5.2.4. Structure of production by countries in kind, 2018-2023
  5. 5.2.5. Dynamics of peoduction structure by countries in kind, 2018-2023
6. Imports
1. 6.1. Imports (Direct Data*)
  1. 6.1.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 6.1.2. Imports in kind, K m³
    1. 6.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Benin in kind, 2018-2024, K m³
    2. 6.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to Benin by countries, 2018-2024, K m³
    3. 6.1.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 6.1.3. Imports in value, K $ US
    1. 6.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Benin in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 6.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to Benin by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 6.1.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 6.1.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/m³
    1. 6.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to Benin, 2018-2024, $ US/m³
    2. 6.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to Benin by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/m³
2. 6.2. Imports (Mirror Data)
  1. 6.2.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 6.2.2. Imports in kind, K m³
    1. 6.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Benin in kind, 2018-2024, K m³
    2. 6.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to Benin by countries, 2018-2024, K m³
    3. 6.2.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 6.2.3. Imports in value, K $ US
    1. 6.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Benin in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 6.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to Benin by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 6.2.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 6.2.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/m³
    1. 6.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to Benin, 2018-2024, $ US/m³
    2. 6.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to Benin by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/m³
7. Exports
1. 7.1. Exports (Direct Data*)
  1. 7.1.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 7.1.2. Exports in kind, K m³
    1. 7.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Benin in kind, 2018-2024, K m³
    2. 7.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from Benin by countries, 2018-2024, K m³
    3. 7.1.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 7.1.3. Exports in value, K $ US
    1. 7.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Benin in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 7.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from Benin by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 7.1.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 7.1.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/m³
    1. 7.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from Benin, 2018-2024, $ US/m³
    2. 7.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from Benin by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/m³
2. 7.2. Exports (Mirror Data)
  1. 7.2.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 7.2.2. Exports in kind, K m³
    1. 7.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Benin in kind, 2018-2024, K m³
    2. 7.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from Benin by countries, 2018-2024, K m³
    3. 7.2.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 7.2.3. Exports in value, K $ US
    1. 7.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Benin in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 7.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from Benin by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 7.2.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 7.2.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/m³
    1. 7.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from Benin, 2018-2024, $ US/m³
    2. 7.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from Benin by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/m³
8. Trade balance
1. 8.1. Trade balance (Direct Data)
  1. 8.1.1. In kind, K m³
  2. 8.1.2. In value, K $ US
2. 8.2. Trade balance (Mirror Data)
  1. 8.2.1. In kind, K m³
  2. 8.2.2. In value, K $ US
9. Top buying and selling countries, 2018-2024
1. 9.1. Direct Data
  1. 9.1.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.1.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers
2. 9.2. Mirror Data
  1. 9.2.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.2.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers

Production wood fuel in ECOWAS

In kind, 2017-2020, M m³

Top producers of wood fuel, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of production of wood fuel, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

ECOWAS has seen wood fuel production increase for the third year in a row. In 2020, the region produced 207.7 million cubic meters of wood fuel, marking a 1.9% rise from the previous year. Over the 2017-2020 period, production grew by 3.8%, with an average annual growth rate of 1.2%.

Annual dynamics of production in ECOWAS in kind, 2017-2020, M m³

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	1.2%	0.6%	1.9%	1.2%

Source: SHEV.io

Exports wood fuel from ECOWAS

Exports in kind, K m³

The market showed significant volatility during these years. Exports hit their lowest point in 2017 and peaked in 2019, with a 7.7-fold difference between these extremes. In 2020, ECOWAS exported 26.3 thousand cubic meters of wood fuel, representing a sharp 77.4% drop from 2019. The highest export volume was recorded in 2019 at 116.3 thousand cubic meters, while the largest year-on-year increase occurred in 2018 at 337.7%.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from ECOWAS in kind, 2017-2020, K m³

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	337.7%	76.9%	(77.4%)	20.5%

Source: SHEV.io

From 2017 to 2020, China, India, and Portugal were the top contributors to ECOWAS's wood fuel exports by volume. China accounted for 46.6% of exports, India for 22.3%, and Portugal for 7.0%. Together, these three countries made up 75.9% of total export flows.

Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from ECOWAS in kind, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Exports in value, K $ US

Wood fuel exports from ECOWAS declined for the second consecutive year. In 2020, export value stood at 6 481 thousand US dollars, reflecting a sharp 55.8% decrease compared to the previous year. Between 2017 and 2020, exports fell by 64.6%, equivalent to an annualized decline of 29.3%. The peak value was recorded in 2018 at 25 497 thousand US dollars, which also saw the largest increase at 39.1%.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from ECOWAS in value, 2017-2020, K $ US

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	39.1%	(42.5%)	(55.8%)	(29.3%)

Source: SHEV.io

From 2017 to 2020, Turkey, India, and China consistently led in the value of wood fuel exports from ECOWAS. Turkey accounted for 46.0% of export value, India for 14.9%, and China for 10.2%. Combined, these three countries represented 71.1% of total export flows in monetary terms.

Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from ECOWAS in value, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Imports wood fuel to ECOWAS

Imports in kind, K m³

The market experienced notable volatility during this period. Imports reached their lowest level in 2017 and peaked in 2019, with a 62-fold difference between these years. In 2020, ECOWAS imported 5.8 thousand cubic meters of wood fuel, down 97.8% from the previous year. The highest import volume was in 2019 at 264.6 thousand cubic meters, which also saw the largest increase at 3 170.4%.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to ECOWAS in kind, 2017-2020, K m³

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	88.8%	3 170.4%	(97.8%)	10.4%

Source: SHEV.io

Between 2017 and 2020, the United Kingdom was the primary source of wood fuel imports to ECOWAS by volume, accounting for 80.6% of total imports. The remaining volume was distributed among other countries.

Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to ECOWAS in kind, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Imports in value, K $ US

The data shows irregular changes, indicating a volatile market environment. Import values hit their lowest point in 2017 and peaked in 2019, with an 8.5-fold difference between these years. In 2020, ECOWAS's wood fuel imports totaled 2 580 thousand US dollars, representing an 81.2% decline from 2019. The peak value was recorded in 2019 at 13 741 thousand US dollars, which also saw the largest increase at 306.0%.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to ECOWAS in value, 2017-2020, K $ US

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	108.4%	306.0%	(81.2%)	16.7%

Source: SHEV.io

From 2017 to 2020, the United Kingdom, South Africa, and the United States were the main suppliers of wood fuel to ECOWAS by value. The United Kingdom accounted for 43.1% of import value, South Africa for 12.2%, and the United States for 10.9%. Together, these three countries made up 66.2% of total imports in monetary terms.

Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to ECOWAS in value, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io