Wheat and meslin market in Czechia

Earlier Report Observations

Czech wheat and meslin production rose from 4.4 million tonnes in 2018 to 5.3 million tonnes in 2023, supported by the expansion of winter wheat sowing areas in 2022 and the subsequent introduction of higher-yielding hybrid varieties. External shocks, including the COVID-19 pandemic's impact on logistics in 2021 and the war in Ukraine from 2022 onward, introduced volatility into supply chains and global prices but did not halt the overall upward trend in output.

The domestic market volume fluctuated during this period, reaching a peak of 3.0 million tonnes in 2022 before declining to 2.8 million tonnes in 2023. The 2022 increase was directly driven by larger harvests following the sown area expansion. The decline in 2023 coincided with a sharp rise in exports, as global market dislocations from the war in Ukraine and the energy crisis made Czech wheat more attractive on international markets. Regulatory developments, such as new EU rules on product conformity and the approval of population crops, also reshaped the market environment.

Production wheat and meslin in Czechia

In kind, 2017-2020, K t

From 2017 to 2020, Czechia ranked 27th globally in terms of wheat and meslin production volume.

Top producers of wheat and meslin, 2017-2020

World map of production of wheat and meslin, 2017-2020

Czechia's wheat and meslin production volume increased for the second consecutive year. In 2020, production reached 4 902 K t, showing a slight uptick of 1.9% compared to the previous year. Over the period from 2017 to 2020, production grew by 3.9%, with a compound annual growth rate of 1.3%. The lowest production was recorded in 2018 at 4 418 K t, which represented the largest decline of 6.4%. The largest increase occurred in 2019, with an 8.9% rise.

Annual dynamics of production in Czechia in kind, 2017-2020, K t

In value, 2017-2020, M $ US

After two years of growth, Czechia's wheat and meslin production volume declined in value terms. In 2020, output was valued at 986.8 M $ US, marking a small drop of 1.2% compared to 2019. Between 2017 and 2020, production value increased by 16.8%, equating to an annualized rate of 5.3%. The highest value was recorded in 2019 at 998.8 M $ US, which also saw the largest increase of 9.8%.

Annual dynamics of production in Czechia in value, 2017-2020, M $ US

Exports wheat and meslin from Czechia

Exports in kind, K t

Following a two-year contraction, wheat and meslin exports from Czechia increased. In 2020, exports amounted to 2 598 K t, up by 41.2% from 2019. The lowest export volume was recorded in 2019 at 1 839 K t, with the largest decline occurring in 2018 at 25.5%.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Czechia in kind, 2017-2020, K t

From 2017 to 2020, Germany was the primary destination for Czechia's wheat and meslin exports in kind, accounting for 74.3% of total flows, while other markets formed a long tail of smaller partners.

Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

World map of product's exports from Czechia in kind, 2017-2020

Exports in value, M $ US

After a two-year decrease, Czechia's wheat and meslin exports increased in value. In 2020, exports were valued at 522.9 M $ US, which is 37.0% higher than the previous year. Over the period from 2017 to 2020, export value grew by 10.6%, with a compound annual growth rate of 3.4%. The lowest value was recorded in 2019 at 381.8 M $ US, with the largest decline in 2018 at 14.4%.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Czechia in value, 2017-2020, M $ US

From 2017 to 2020, Germany was the dominant buyer of wheat and meslin from Czechia in value terms, accounting for 73.8% of total exports, with other countries sharing the remaining volume.

Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2017-2020

World map of product's exports from Czechia in value, 2017-2020

Imports wheat and meslin to Czechia

Imports in kind, K t

In 2020, the volume of wheat and meslin imports to Czechia amounted to 78 K t, up by 65.6% compared to 2019. Between 2017 and 2020, imports increased by 74.6%, equating to an annualized rate of 20.4%. The largest decline was recorded in 2019 at 1.9%.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Czechia in kind, 2017-2020, K t

From 2017 to 2020, Slovakia was the dominant source for wheat and meslin imports in kind to Czechia, accounting for 76.4% of total flows, while the remaining share was distributed among a number of smaller markets.

Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

World map of product's imports to Czechia in kind, 2017-2020

Imports in value, M $ US

Czechia imported 18.3 M $ US of wheat and meslin in 2020, equivalent to a sharp rise of 63.8% year-over-year. Over the period from 2017 to 2020, import value increased by 92.7%, with a compound annual growth rate of 24.5%. The largest decline was recorded in 2019 at 3.4%.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Czechia in value, 2017-2020, M $ US

From 2017 to 2020, Slovakia, Poland, and France formed the main group of sources for wheat and meslin imports in value terms to Czechia. Slovakia accounted for 64.9% of imports, Poland for 9.4%, and France for 7.8%, with a combined share of 82.1% of total flows.

Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2017-2020

World map of product's imports to Czechia in value, 2017-2020