Market research

Sorghum market in Brazil

Release date: Mar 28, 2026

Submission: 15 minutes after payment

Research period: 2017-2025

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Earlier Report Observations

The Brazilian sorghum market volume expanded from 2.28 million tonnes in 2018 to 4.5 million tonnes in 2023, driven by regulatory measures that encouraged crop expansion and technological advances that boosted yields. Agricultural risk zoning ordinances, first introduced in Goiás in 2018 and later extended to Maranhão in 2019 and nationwide in 2020, opened new areas for cultivation. Concurrently, Embrapa's research and extension services provided growers with improved germplasm and technical support, while the launch of a sweet sorghum breeding program in 2020 offered new cultivars for biomass and ethanol, diversifying the crop's uses.

After a temporary dip to 2.51 million tonnes in 2021, the market surged by 17% in 2022 and 53% in 2023. This acceleration was fueled by soaring Chinese demand for sorghum as animal feed and for biofuels, which pushed exports to record levels. The release of early-maturing hybrids like BRS 3002 and BRS 3318 significantly raised productivity, while continued zoning measures, such as those in Santa Catarina, further enlarged the planted area. The entry of private seed companies like Latina Seeds, in partnership with Embrapa, accelerated the adoption of high-yielding hybrids on more than 60% of the area.

Table of content

1. Disclaimer
2. Terms of use of the report
3. Product codes in the statistical classifications used in the report
4. Key Market Indicators and Trends
1. 4.1. Key Market Indicators
  1. 4.1.1. In kind
    1. 4.1.1.1. Production, 2018-2023
    2. 4.1.1.2. Imports, 2018-2025
    3. 4.1.1.3. Exports, 2018-2025
    4. 4.1.1.4. Market size, 2018-2023
2. 4.2. Market Trends and Factors
5. Production
1. 5.1. Production in Brazil
  1. 5.1.1. Annual dynamics of production in Brazil in kind, 2018-2023, K t
  2. 5.1.2. Annual dynamics of production in Brazil in value, 2018-2023, $ US
2. 5.2. Global production by Country, 2018-2023
  1. 5.2.1. Annual dynamics of production by macroregions in kind, 2018-2023, K t
  2. 5.2.2. Dynamics of production structure by macroregions in kind, 2018-2023
  3. 5.2.3. Annual dynamics of production by country in kind, 2018-2023, K t
  4. 5.2.4. Structure of production by countries in kind, 2018-2023
  5. 5.2.5. Dynamics of peoduction structure by countries in kind, 2018-2023
6. Imports
1. 6.1. Imports (Direct Data)
  1. 6.1.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 6.1.2. Imports in kind, K t
    1. 6.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Brazil in kind, 2018-2025, K t
    2. 6.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to Brazil by countries, 2018-2025, K t
    3. 6.1.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2025
  3. 6.1.3. Imports in value, K $ US
    1. 6.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Brazil in value, 2018-2025, K $ US
    2. 6.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to Brazil by countries, 2018-2025, K $ US
    3. 6.1.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2025
  4. 6.1.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/t
    1. 6.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to Brazil, 2018-2025, $ US/t
    2. 6.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to Brazil by countries, 2018-2025, $ US/t
2. 6.2. Imports (Mirror Data)
  1. 6.2.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 6.2.2. Imports in kind, K t
    1. 6.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Brazil in kind, 2018-2025, K t
    2. 6.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to Brazil by countries, 2018-2025, K t
    3. 6.2.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2025
  3. 6.2.3. Imports in value, K $ US
    1. 6.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Brazil in value, 2018-2025, K $ US
    2. 6.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to Brazil by countries, 2018-2025, K $ US
    3. 6.2.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2025
  4. 6.2.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/t
    1. 6.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to Brazil, 2018-2025, $ US/t
    2. 6.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to Brazil by countries, 2018-2025, $ US/t
7. Exports
1. 7.1. Exports (Direct Data)
  1. 7.1.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 7.1.2. Exports in kind, K t
    1. 7.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Brazil in kind, 2018-2025, K t
    2. 7.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from Brazil by countries, 2018-2025, K t
    3. 7.1.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2025
  3. 7.1.3. Exports in value, K $ US
    1. 7.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Brazil in value, 2018-2025, K $ US
    2. 7.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from Brazil by countries, 2018-2025, K $ US
    3. 7.1.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2025
  4. 7.1.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/t
    1. 7.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from Brazil, 2018-2025, $ US/t
    2. 7.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from Brazil by countries, 2018-2025, $ US/t
2. 7.2. Exports (Mirror Data)
  1. 7.2.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 7.2.2. Exports in kind, K t
    1. 7.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Brazil in kind, 2018-2025, K t
    2. 7.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from Brazil by countries, 2018-2025, K t
    3. 7.2.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2025
  3. 7.2.3. Exports in value, K $ US
    1. 7.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Brazil in value, 2018-2025, K $ US
    2. 7.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from Brazil by countries, 2018-2025, K $ US
    3. 7.2.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2025
  4. 7.2.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/t
    1. 7.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from Brazil, 2018-2025, $ US/t
    2. 7.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from Brazil by countries, 2018-2025, $ US/t
8. Trade balance
1. 8.1. Trade balance (Direct Data)
  1. 8.1.1. In kind, K t
  2. 8.1.2. In value, K $ US
2. 8.2. Trade balance (Mirror Data)
  1. 8.2.1. In kind, K t
  2. 8.2.2. In value, K $ US
9. Top buying and selling countries, 2018-2025
1. 9.1. Direct Data
  1. 9.1.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.1.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers
2. 9.2. Mirror Data
  1. 9.2.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.2.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers

Production sorghum in Brazil

In kind, 2018-2021, K t

From 2018 to 2021, Brazil ranked 8th globally in sorghum production.

Top producers of sorghum, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io

World map of production of sorghum, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io

Brazil's sorghum production saw a two-year rise before declining. In 2021, production stood at 2 507 K t, marking a moderate 9.2% decrease from 2020. Over the 2018–2021 period, production grew by 9.9%, which translates to an annualized rate of 3.2%. The peak was in 2020 at 2 762 K t, with the largest annual increase occurring in 2019 at 17.1%.

Annual dynamics of production in Brazil in kind, 2018-2021, K t

Parameter		2019	2020	2021	CAGR
1	Change from last year	17.1%	3.4%	(9.2%)	3.2%

Source: SHEV.io

Exports sorghum from Brazil

Exports in kind, t

The market exhibited volatility during these years. The lowest export volume was in 2021, while the highest was in 2019, with a peak-to-trough ratio of 202 times. In 2021, Brazil exported 160 t of sorghum, representing a sharp 98.6% drop from the previous year. The maximum value was recorded in 2019 at 32 397 t, with the largest increase also in 2019 at 2 174.2%.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Brazil in kind, 2018-2021, t

Parameter		2019	2020	2021	CAGR
1	Change from last year	2 174.2%	(65.7%)	(98.6%)	(51.7%)

Source: SHEV.io

Between 2018 and 2021, Israel and Japan consistently made up 92.3% of Brazil's total sorghum exports by volume, showing high market concentration alongside numerous smaller markets.

Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from Brazil in kind, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io

Exports in value, K $ US

Market performance showed noticeable fluctuations in this period. The span from 2019 to 2021 had a peak-to-trough amplitude of 21 times. In 2021, Brazil's sorghum exports were valued at 311 K $ US, reflecting a steep 90.6% decline compared to 2020. The maximum value was in 2019 at 6 518 K $ US, with the largest increase also in 2019 at 918.5%.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Brazil in value, 2018-2021, K $ US

Parameter		2019	2020	2021	CAGR
1	Change from last year	918.5%	(49.2%)	(90.6%)	(21.4%)

Source: SHEV.io

From 2018 to 2021, the three largest markets—Israel, Bolivia, and Japan—dominated Brazil's sorghum exports in value terms, accounting for 90.8% of total flows.

Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from Brazil in value, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io

Imports sorghum to Brazil

Imports in kind, t

Market performance displayed noticeable fluctuations over this period. Import volumes reached their lowest in 2018 and peaked in 2020, with a top-to-bottom ratio of 20 times. In 2021, foreign sorghum supplies to Brazil amounted to 577 t, indicating a 77.9% decrease from 2020. The maximum value was recorded in 2020 at 2 606 t, with the largest increase also in 2020 at 749.6%.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Brazil in kind, 2018-2021, t

Parameter		2019	2020	2021	CAGR
1	Change from last year	138.4%	749.6%	(77.9%)	64.9%

Source: SHEV.io

During 2018–2021, Paraguay and Bolivia were the main suppliers of sorghum to Brazil, together accounting for 94.1% of total imports by volume, with the rest fragmented among other countries.

Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to Brazil in kind, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io

Imports in value, K $ US

The market showed signs of volatility during the observed period. The lowest import value was in 2021, while the highest was in 2020, with a peak-to-trough ratio of 10.5 times. In 2021, Brazil's sorghum import volume reached 243 K $ US, down by 90.5% relative to the prior year. The maximum value was recorded in 2020 at 2 553 K $ US, with the largest increase in 2019 at 228.3%.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Brazil in value, 2018-2021, K $ US

Parameter		2019	2020	2021	CAGR
1	Change from last year	228.3%	102.8%	(90.5%)	(14.1%)

Source: SHEV.io

Throughout 2018–2021, Bolivia remained the primary destination for Brazil's sorghum imports in value terms, taking 84.2% of total flows, while the remaining share was distributed across various smaller markets.

Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to Brazil in value, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io