Market research

Paddy rice market in Thailand

Release date: Mar 28, 2026

Submission: 15 minutes after payment

Research period: 2017-2025

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Earlier Report Observations

Thailand's paddy rice production experienced a decline from 33.1 million tons in 2018 to 31.0 million tons by 2020. The market then entered a recovery phase, with output rising to 32.1 million tons in 2021, partly supported by the expansion of a niche segment for new, higher-value rice products whose exports grew steadily.

The growth accelerated from 2022, driven by a sharp increase in global rice prices after India, the world's largest exporter, imposed export controls. This price surge was reinforced by domestic government interventions, including direct purchase programs and market fairs aimed at supporting farmer income and lifting domestic paddy prices. These measures helped push production to 32.9 million tons in 2022. In 2023, production increased further to 33.9 million tons, bolstered by a major additional sales agreement to supply 500,000 tons of rice to China, which provided crucial demand support even as international prices moderated following India's return to the white rice export market.

Table of content

1. Disclaimer
2. Terms of use of the report
3. Product codes in the statistical classifications used in the report
4. Key Market Indicators and Trends
1. 4.1. Key Market Indicators
  1. 4.1.1. In kind
    1. 4.1.1.1. Production, 2018-2023
    2. 4.1.1.2. Imports, 2018-2024
    3. 4.1.1.3. Exports, 2018-2024
    4. 4.1.1.4. Market size, 2018-2023
2. 4.2. Market Trends and Factors
5. Production
1. 5.1. Production in Thailand
  1. 5.1.1. Annual dynamics of production in Thailand in kind, 2018-2023, K t
  2. 5.1.2. Annual dynamics of production in Thailand in value, 2018-2023, $ US
2. 5.2. Global production by Country, 2018-2023
  1. 5.2.1. Annual dynamics of production by macroregions in kind, 2018-2023, K t
  2. 5.2.2. Dynamics of production structure by macroregions in kind, 2018-2023
  3. 5.2.3. Annual dynamics of production by country in kind, 2018-2023, K t
  4. 5.2.4. Structure of production by countries in kind, 2018-2023
  5. 5.2.5. Dynamics of peoduction structure by countries in kind, 2018-2023
6. Imports
1. 6.1. Imports (Direct Data)
  1. 6.1.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 6.1.2. Imports in kind, kg
    1. 6.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Thailand in kind, 2018-2024, kg
    2. 6.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to Thailand by countries, 2018-2024, kg
    3. 6.1.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 6.1.3. Imports in value, $ US
    1. 6.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Thailand in value, 2018-2024, $ US
    2. 6.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to Thailand by countries, 2018-2024, $ US
    3. 6.1.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 6.1.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/kg
    1. 6.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to Thailand, 2018-2024, $ US/kg
    2. 6.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to Thailand by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/kg
2. 6.2. Imports (Mirror Data)
  1. 6.2.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 6.2.2. Imports in kind, kg
    1. 6.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Thailand in kind, 2018-2024, kg
    2. 6.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to Thailand by countries, 2018-2024, kg
    3. 6.2.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 6.2.3. Imports in value, $ US
    1. 6.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Thailand in value, 2018-2024, $ US
    2. 6.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to Thailand by countries, 2018-2024, $ US
    3. 6.2.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 6.2.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/kg
    1. 6.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to Thailand, 2018-2024, $ US/kg
    2. 6.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to Thailand by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/kg
7. Exports
1. 7.1. Exports (Direct Data)
  1. 7.1.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 7.1.2. Exports in kind, kg
    1. 7.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Thailand in kind, 2018-2024, kg
    2. 7.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from Thailand by countries, 2018-2024, kg
    3. 7.1.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 7.1.3. Exports in value, $ US
    1. 7.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Thailand in value, 2018-2024, $ US
    2. 7.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from Thailand by countries, 2018-2024, $ US
    3. 7.1.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 7.1.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/kg
    1. 7.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from Thailand, 2018-2024, $ US/kg
    2. 7.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from Thailand by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/kg
2. 7.2. Exports (Mirror Data)
  1. 7.2.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 7.2.2. Exports in kind, kg
    1. 7.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Thailand in kind, 2018-2024, kg
    2. 7.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from Thailand by countries, 2018-2024, kg
    3. 7.2.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 7.2.3. Exports in value, $ US
    1. 7.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Thailand in value, 2018-2024, $ US
    2. 7.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from Thailand by countries, 2018-2024, $ US
    3. 7.2.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 7.2.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/kg
    1. 7.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from Thailand, 2018-2024, $ US/kg
    2. 7.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from Thailand by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/kg
8. Trade balance
1. 8.1. Trade balance (Direct Data)
  1. 8.1.1. In kind, kg
  2. 8.1.2. In value, $ US
2. 8.2. Trade balance (Mirror Data)
  1. 8.2.1. In kind, kg
  2. 8.2.2. In value, $ US
9. Top buying and selling countries, 2018-2024
1. 9.1. Direct Data
  1. 9.1.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.1.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers
2. 9.2. Mirror Data
  1. 9.2.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.2.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers

Production paddy rice in Thailand

In kind, 2017-2020, K t

Thailand was among the world's leading producers of paddy rice from 2017 to 2020, ranking 6th globally by production volume.

Top producers of paddy rice, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of production of paddy rice, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Thailand's paddy rice production declined for the second consecutive year. In 2020, the country produced 30 978 K t, which was 0.8% lower than in 2019. Production peaked in 2018 at 33 142 K t, representing a 5.0% increase from the previous year. The largest decline occurred in 2019, when production fell by 5.8%.

Annual dynamics of production in Thailand in kind, 2017-2020, K t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	5.0%	(5.8%)	(0.8%)	(0.6%)

Source: SHEV.io

Exports paddy rice from Thailand

Exports in kind, kg

Market performance showed noticeable fluctuations during this period. Thailand exported 57 kg of paddy rice in 2020, marking a sharp increase of 535.0% compared to 2019. The lowest export volume was recorded in 2019 at just 9 kg, representing a 99.9% decline from the previous year. Overall, export levels varied significantly, with a 2 544-fold difference between the high in 2017 and the low in 2019.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Thailand in kind, 2017-2020, kg

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	(48.5%)	(99.9%)	535.0%	(86.4%)

Source: SHEV.io

From 2017 to 2020, Hong Kong dominated Thailand's paddy rice exports in kind, accounting for 88.1% of total flows. The remaining share was distributed among various smaller destinations.

Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from Thailand in kind, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Exports in value, K $ US

The market exhibited volatility over the observed period. In 2020, paddy rice shipments from Thailand amounted to 0.8 K $ US, showing a sharp year-on-year rise of 8 472.6%. The lowest value was recorded in 2019 at 0.0 K $ US, representing a 100.0% decline. Exports peaked in 2017 and bottomed in 2019, with a 16 699-fold difference between these years.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Thailand in value, 2017-2020, K $ US

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	(57.5%)	(100.0%)	8 472.6%	(82.7%)

Source: SHEV.io

From 2017 to 2020, Hong Kong and Singapore were the dominant buyers of paddy rice from Thailand in value terms, jointly accounting for 99.0% of total exports.

Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from Thailand in value, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Imports paddy rice to Thailand

Imports in kind, kg

The market showed signs of volatility during this period. Thailand imported 224 kg of paddy rice in 2020, reflecting a significant improvement of 5 363.4% compared to the previous year. Import levels varied substantially, with a 55-fold difference between the maximum in 2020 and the minimum in 2019.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Thailand in kind, 2017-2020, kg

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	n/a	n/a	5 363.4%	20.3%

Source: SHEV.io

From 2017 to 2020, the Philippines and Japan formed the dominant pair of markets for Thailand's paddy rice imports in kind, jointly accounting for 97.7% of total flows. Other countries represented the residual share.

Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to Thailand in kind, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Imports in value, K $ US

The data reveals irregular changes, indicating a volatile market environment. In 2020, paddy rice deliveries to Thailand reached 1.4 K $ US, corresponding to an increase of 2 926.9% over the past year. Import volumes varied 30 times from the high in 2020 to the low in 2019.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Thailand in value, 2017-2020, K $ US

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	n/a	n/a	2 926.9%	156.2%

Source: SHEV.io

From 2017 to 2020, the Philippines concentrated most of Thailand's paddy rice imports in value terms, taking 86.6% of total flows, while other markets formed a fragmented tail.

Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to Thailand in value, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io