Market research

Garlic market in Central Asia

Release date: Mar 27, 2026

Submission: 15 minutes after payment

Research period: 2017-2025

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"Central Asia" region includes following countries:

Kazakhstan

Kyrgyzstan

Tajikistan

Turkmenistan

Uzbekistan

Earlier Report Observations

The garlic market in Central Asia saw its volume fall to 352.6 thousand tons in 2019, pressured by lower domestic production. A sharp rebound followed in 2020, with the market reaching 368.3 thousand tons, driven by a surge in imports from China and Egypt which compensated for reduced foodservice demand due to COVID-19 restrictions.

After a contraction to 333.4 thousand tons in 2021 amid lower import volumes, the market recovered strongly from 2022. Growth was fueled by import substitution and rising domestic production, stimulated by geopolitical changes and sanctions, alongside a significant increase in vegetable exports from Kazakhstan, pushing the market to 384.8 thousand tons in 2023.

The trend toward greater self-sufficiency continued into 2024, with Kazakhstan reporting further growth in vegetable exports and a decline in imports, indicating strengthened local production capabilities for garlic.

Table of content

1. Disclaimer
2. Terms of use of the report
3. Product codes in the statistical classifications used in the report
4. Key Market Indicators and Trends
1. 4.1. Key Market Indicators
  1. 4.1.1. In kind
    1. 4.1.1.1. Production, 2018-2023
    2. 4.1.1.2. Imports, 2018-2024
    3. 4.1.1.3. Exports, 2018-2024
    4. 4.1.1.4. Market size, 2018-2023
2. 4.2. Market Trends and Factors
5. Production
1. 5.1. Production in Central Asia
  1. 5.1.1. Annual dynamics of production in Central Asia in kind, 2018-2023, K t
2. 5.2. Global production by Country, 2018-2023
  1. 5.2.1. Annual dynamics of production by macroregions in kind, 2018-2023, K t
  2. 5.2.2. Dynamics of production structure by macroregions in kind, 2018-2023
  3. 5.2.3. Annual dynamics of production by country in kind, 2018-2023, K t
  4. 5.2.4. Structure of production by countries in kind, 2018-2023
  5. 5.2.5. Dynamics of peoduction structure by countries in kind, 2018-2023
6. Imports
1. 6.1. Imports (Direct Data*)
  1. 6.1.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 6.1.2. Imports in kind, t
    1. 6.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Kazakhstan in kind, 2018-2024, t
    2. 6.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to Kazakhstan by countries, 2018-2024, t
    3. 6.1.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 6.1.3. Imports in value, K $ US
    1. 6.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Kazakhstan in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 6.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to Kazakhstan by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 6.1.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 6.1.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/t
    1. 6.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to Kazakhstan, 2018-2024, $ US/t
    2. 6.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to Kazakhstan by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/t
2. 6.2. Imports (Mirror Data)
  1. 6.2.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 6.2.2. Imports in kind, t
    1. 6.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Kazakhstan in kind, 2018-2024, t
    2. 6.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to Kazakhstan by countries, 2018-2024, t
    3. 6.2.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 6.2.3. Imports in value, K $ US
    1. 6.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Kazakhstan in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 6.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to Kazakhstan by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 6.2.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 6.2.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/t
    1. 6.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to Kazakhstan, 2018-2024, $ US/t
    2. 6.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to Kazakhstan by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/t
7. Exports
1. 7.1. Exports (Direct Data*)
  1. 7.1.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 7.1.2. Exports in kind, t
    1. 7.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Kazakhstan in kind, 2018-2024, t
    2. 7.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from Kazakhstan by countries, 2018-2024, t
    3. 7.1.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 7.1.3. Exports in value, K $ US
    1. 7.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Kazakhstan in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 7.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from Kazakhstan by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 7.1.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 7.1.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/t
    1. 7.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from Kazakhstan, 2018-2024, $ US/t
    2. 7.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from Kazakhstan by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/t
2. 7.2. Exports (Mirror Data)
  1. 7.2.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 7.2.2. Exports in kind, t
    1. 7.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Kazakhstan in kind, 2018-2024, t
    2. 7.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from Kazakhstan by countries, 2018-2024, t
    3. 7.2.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 7.2.3. Exports in value, K $ US
    1. 7.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Kazakhstan in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 7.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from Kazakhstan by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 7.2.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 7.2.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/t
    1. 7.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from Kazakhstan, 2018-2024, $ US/t
    2. 7.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from Kazakhstan by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/t
8. Trade balance
1. 8.1. Trade balance (Direct Data)
  1. 8.1.1. In kind, t
  2. 8.1.2. In value, K $ US
2. 8.2. Trade balance (Mirror Data)
  1. 8.2.1. In kind, t
  2. 8.2.2. In value, K $ US
9. Top buying and selling countries, 2018-2024
1. 9.1. Direct Data
  1. 9.1.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.1.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers
2. 9.2. Mirror Data
  1. 9.2.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.2.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers

Production garlic in Central Asia

In kind, 2017-2020, K t

Top producers of garlic, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of production of garlic, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

In 2020, Central Asia produced 357.2 thousand tons of garlic, marking a slight increase of 0.8% compared to the previous year. Over the period from 2017 to 2020, production grew by 13.5%, which translates to an average annual growth rate of 4.3%. The highest production level was recorded in 2018 at 374.1 thousand tons, with the largest annual increase of 18.8% occurring that same year. In contrast, 2019 saw the most significant decline, with production dropping by 5.3%.

Annual dynamics of production in Central Asia in kind, 2017-2020, K t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	18.8%	(5.3%)	0.8%	4.3%

Source: SHEV.io

Exports garlic from Central Asia

Exports in kind, t

Garlic exports from Central Asia declined for the second consecutive year in 2020, totaling 2,698 tons. This represents a sharp decrease of 44.4% from 2019. Between 2017 and 2020, exports fell by 36%, corresponding to a compound annual growth rate of -13.8%. The peak export volume was recorded in 2018 at 5,897 tons, which also saw the largest annual increase of 40.0%.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Central Asia in kind, 2017-2020, t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	40.0%	(17.7%)	(44.4%)	(13.8%)

Source: SHEV.io

From 2017 to 2020, Russia, Azerbaijan, and Iraq were the core markets for Central Asia's garlic exports in volume terms. Russia accounted for 48.4% of exports, Azerbaijan for 3.1%, and Iraq for 1.8%. Together, these three countries represented 53.2% of total export flows.

Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from Central Asia in kind, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Exports in value, K $ US

Garlic exports from Central Asia declined for the third consecutive year in 2020, with export value totaling 2,431 thousand US dollars. This is 39.6% lower than the previous year. Over the period from 2017 to 2020, exports decreased by 51.2%, equating to an average annual decline of 21.3%.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Central Asia in value, 2017-2020, K $ US

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	(8.1%)	(12.2%)	(39.6%)	(21.3%)

Source: SHEV.io

Data from 2017 to 2020 show that Central Asia's garlic exports in value terms were not heavily concentrated on a few key destinations. Russia accounted for 44.2% of exports, Azerbaijan for 3.0%, and Moldova for 1.0%. Collectively, these three markets represented 48.2% of total export flows.

Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from Central Asia in value, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Imports garlic to Central Asia

Imports in kind, t

The garlic import market in Central Asia experienced noticeable fluctuations from 2017 to 2020. Imports reached their lowest point in 2019 at 3,126 tons, with a decline of 35.7% that year. In 2020, imports surged to 13,857 tons, representing a sharp increase of 343.2% from the previous year. The difference between the peak in 2020 and the trough in 2019 was 4.4-fold.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Central Asia in kind, 2017-2020, t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	0.8%	(35.7%)	343.2%	42.2%

Source: SHEV.io

Between 2017 and 2020, China, Pakistan, and Iran were the principal sources of garlic imports to Central Asia in volume terms. Together, these three countries accounted for 73.8% of total imports.

Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to Central Asia in kind, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Imports in value, K $ US

The garlic import market in Central Asia showed volatility from 2017 to 2020. Imports hit their lowest point in 2019 at 4,040 thousand US dollars, with the largest annual decline of 20.4% occurring in 2018. In 2020, imports peaked at 8,399 thousand US dollars, up by 107.9% from the previous year. The gap between the peak in 2020 and the trough in 2019 was 2.1-fold.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Central Asia in value, 2017-2020, K $ US

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	(20.4%)	(9.8%)	107.9%	14.3%

Source: SHEV.io

From 2017 to 2020, China, Pakistan, and Iran formed the key group of partners for Central Asia's garlic imports in value terms. China accounted for 64.4% of imports, Pakistan for 2.4%, and Iran for 1.6%. Together, these three countries represented 68.4% of total import flows.

Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to Central Asia in value, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io