Market research

Fonio market in Sub-Saharan Africa

Release date: Mar 28, 2026

Submission: 15 minutes after payment

Research period: 2017-2025

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"Sub-Saharan Africa" region includes following countries:

Cabo Verde

Benin

Gambia

Ghana

Guinea

Côte d'Ivoire

Liberia

Mali

Mauritania

Niger

Nigeria

Guinea-Bissau

Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha

Senegal

Sierra Leone

Togo

Burkina Faso

British Indian Ocean Territory

Burundi

Comoros

Mayotte

Ethiopia

Eritrea

French Southern Territories

Djibouti

Kenya

Madagascar

Malawi

Mauritius

Mozambique

Reunion

Rwanda

Seychelles

Somalia

Zimbabwe

South Sudan

Uganda

Tanzania

Zambia

Angola

Cameroon

Central African Republic

Chad

Congo

Democratic Republic of the Congo

Equatorial Guinea

Gabon

Sao Tome and Principe

Botswana

Lesotho

Namibia

South Africa

Eswatini

Earlier Report Observations

The fonio market in Sub-Saharan Africa saw initial advancements in 2018 with the introduction of thermal debulling machines in Mali and Senegal, which reduced processing time from hours to minutes and boosted productivity. Concurrently, the creation of a dedicated fonio market in Mali aimed at combating malnutrition and unemployment highlighted the grain's nutritional and ecological virtues. Production volume stabilized around 646 thousand tons in 2018, experienced a slight dip to 635 thousand tons in 2019, then recovered to 661 thousand tons in 2020.

In 2021, the launch and renewal of organic certification for fonio in Burkina Faso facilitated access to local, West African, and international markets, including exports to France and Europe. This supported a modest production increase to 665 thousand tons. The following year, production edged down to 659 thousand tons, while initiatives to support women's fonio production and growing consumer recognition of fonio as a gluten-free, nutrient-rich alternative grain provided a supportive market context.

By 2023, production rose to 690 thousand tons, bolstered by improving regional macroeconomic conditions such as better access to international markets and debt stabilization. In 2024, ongoing efforts include the integration of fonio into urban and international trade circuits through mobile commerce innovations and continued promotion of its organic and technological value.

Table of content

1. Disclaimer
2. Terms of use of the report
3. Product codes in the statistical classifications used in the report
4. Key Market Indicators
1. 4.1. In kind
  1. 4.1.1. Production, 2018-2023
  2. 4.1.2. Imports, 2024
  3. 4.1.3. Exports, 2024
5. Production
1. 5.1. Production in Sub-Saharan Africa
  1. 5.1.1. Annual dynamics of production in Sub-Saharan Africa in kind, 2018-2023, K t
2. 5.2. Global production by Country, 2018-2023
  1. 5.2.1. Annual dynamics of production by macroregions in kind, 2018-2023, K t
  2. 5.2.2. Dynamics of production structure by macroregions in kind, 2018-2023
  3. 5.2.3. Annual dynamics of production by country in kind, 2018-2023, K t
  4. 5.2.4. Structure of production by countries in kind, 2018-2023
  5. 5.2.5. Dynamics of peoduction structure by countries in kind, 2018-2023
6. Imports
1. 6.1. Imports (Direct Data*)
  1. 6.1.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 6.1.2. Imports in kind, t
    1. 6.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Cabo Verde in kind, 2024, t
    2. 6.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to Cabo Verde by countries, 2024, t
    3. 6.1.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2024
  3. 6.1.3. Imports in value, K $ US
    1. 6.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Cabo Verde in value, 2024, K $ US
    2. 6.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to Cabo Verde by countries, 2024, K $ US
    3. 6.1.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2024
  4. 6.1.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/t
    1. 6.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to Cabo Verde, 2024, $ US/t
    2. 6.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to Cabo Verde by countries, 2024, $ US/t
2. 6.2. Imports (Mirror Data)
  1. 6.2.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 6.2.2. Imports in kind, t
    1. 6.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Cabo Verde in kind, 2024, t
    2. 6.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to Cabo Verde by countries, 2024, t
    3. 6.2.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2024
  3. 6.2.3. Imports in value, K $ US
    1. 6.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Cabo Verde in value, 2024, K $ US
    2. 6.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to Cabo Verde by countries, 2024, K $ US
    3. 6.2.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2024
  4. 6.2.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/t
    1. 6.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to Cabo Verde, 2024, $ US/t
    2. 6.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to Cabo Verde by countries, 2024, $ US/t
7. Exports
1. 7.1. Exports (Direct Data*)
  1. 7.1.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 7.1.2. Exports in kind, t
    1. 7.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Cabo Verde in kind, 2024, t
    2. 7.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from Cabo Verde by countries, 2024, t
    3. 7.1.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2024
  3. 7.1.3. Exports in value, K $ US
    1. 7.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Cabo Verde in value, 2024, K $ US
    2. 7.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from Cabo Verde by countries, 2024, K $ US
    3. 7.1.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2024
  4. 7.1.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/t
    1. 7.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from Cabo Verde, 2024, $ US/t
    2. 7.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from Cabo Verde by countries, 2024, $ US/t
2. 7.2. Exports (Mirror Data)
  1. 7.2.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 7.2.2. Exports in kind, t
    1. 7.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Cabo Verde in kind, 2024, t
    2. 7.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from Cabo Verde by countries, 2024, t
    3. 7.2.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2024
  3. 7.2.3. Exports in value, K $ US
    1. 7.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Cabo Verde in value, 2024, K $ US
    2. 7.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from Cabo Verde by countries, 2024, K $ US
    3. 7.2.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2024
  4. 7.2.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/t
    1. 7.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from Cabo Verde, 2024, $ US/t
    2. 7.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from Cabo Verde by countries, 2024, $ US/t
8. Trade balance
1. 8.1. Trade balance (Direct Data)
  1. 8.1.1. In kind, t
  2. 8.1.2. In value, K $ US
2. 8.2. Trade balance (Mirror Data)
  1. 8.2.1. In kind, t
  2. 8.2.2. In value, K $ US
9. Top buying and selling countries, 2024
1. 9.1. Direct Data
  1. 9.1.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.1.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers
2. 9.2. Mirror Data
  1. 9.2.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.2.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers

Production fonio in Sub-Saharan Africa

In kind, 2017-2020, K t

Top producers of fonio, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of production of fonio, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Fonio production in Sub-Saharan Africa increased after two consecutive years of decline. In 2019, output reached its lowest point at 635.2 thousand tonnes. The following year, production rebounded to 661.4 thousand tonnes in 2020, marking a 4.1% increase compared to 2019. The largest decline occurred in 2018, when production fell by 3.0%.

Annual dynamics of production in Sub-Saharan Africa in kind, 2017-2020, K t