Cocoa beans market in Indonesia

Earlier Report Observations

From 2018 to 2022, the cocoa bean market volume in Indonesia declined from 978.8 thousand tons to 865.3 thousand tons. This contraction was primarily driven by falling domestic production, which dropped from 767.3 thousand tons to 650.6 thousand tons. Key factors behind the production decrease included aging cocoa trees, pest and disease outbreaks, conversion of plantation land, and low adoption of modern farming practices. To partially offset the supply shortfall, the government allowed imports of cocoa beans, which helped sustain the processing industry.

In 2023, the market volume rebounded to 894.3 thousand tons, while the market value surged to $2.7 billion. This recovery was supported by the government's long-standing downstreaming policy, which encouraged domestic processing and increased demand for beans. Additionally, continued imports and the effect of export duties on raw beans helped retain more supply within the country. The sharp rise in market value reflected higher global cocoa prices and increased valuation of processed cocoa products.

Looking ahead, the government has maintained an export duty of 5-10% on raw cocoa beans and is considering raising it further to 10-30% to ensure domestic supply for processors. Authorities are also planning institutional reforms, such as expanding the role of the BPDP to cover cocoa, and aim to boost the value of processed cocoa exports to $1.5 billion through downstreaming initiatives and geographical indication certifications.

Production cocoa beans in Indonesia

In kind, 2018-2021, K t

From 2018 to 2021, Indonesia maintained the third position globally in cocoa bean production volume.

Top producers of cocoa beans, 2018-2021

World map of production of cocoa beans, 2018-2021

Indonesia's cocoa bean production volume declined for the third consecutive year. In 2021, the country produced 650.6 thousand tonnes of cocoa beans, marking a 9.7% reduction compared to 2020. Over the period from 2018 to 2021, production decreased by 15.2%, with a compound annual growth rate of 5.3%.

Annual dynamics of production in Indonesia in kind, 2018-2021, K t

In value, 2018-2021, M $ US

Indonesia's cocoa bean production declined for the third consecutive year. In 2021, the output of cocoa beans was valued at 1 644 million US dollars in Indonesia, which is 13.7% lower compared to the previous year. Between 2018 and 2021, production decreased by 17.7%, equating to an annualized rate of 6.3%.

Annual dynamics of production in Indonesia in value, 2018-2021, M $ US

Exports cocoa beans from Indonesia

Exports in kind, K t

Exported cocoa bean volumes from Indonesia declined for the second consecutive year. In 2021, Indonesia exported 22.3 thousand tonnes of cocoa beans, which is 22.3% less compared to 2020. Between 2018 and 2021, exports decreased by 19.9%, equating to an annualized rate of 7.1%. The maximum volume was recorded in 2019 at 30.8 thousand tonnes, with the largest increase of 10.8% also occurring in that year.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Indonesia in kind, 2018-2021, K t

From 2018 to 2021, Malaysia clearly dominated as the primary buyer of cocoa beans from Indonesia, accounting for 95.2% of total exports in kind.

Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2021

World map of product's exports from Indonesia in kind, 2018-2021

Exports in value, M $ US

Indonesia's volume of cocoa bean exports declined for the second consecutive year. In 2021, exports amounted to 56.3 million US dollars, down by 25.7% over the past year. Between 2018 and 2021, exports decreased by 22.3%, equating to an annualized rate of 8.1%. The maximum value was recorded in 2019 at 80.6 million US dollars, with the largest increase of 11.3% also occurring in that year.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Indonesia in value, 2018-2021, M $ US

Throughout 2018 to 2021, Malaysia remained the almost exclusive buyer of cocoa beans from Indonesia, with a share of 95.4% of total exports in value terms.

Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2021

World map of product's exports from Indonesia in value, 2018-2021

Imports cocoa beans to Indonesia

Imports in kind, K t

In 2021, Indonesia's cocoa bean imports stood at 252.1 thousand tonnes, constituting a sharp uptick of 26.8% compared to the previous year. Over the period from 2018 to 2021, imports increased by 5.3%, with a compound annual growth rate of 1.7%. The minimum volume was recorded in 2020 at 198.8 thousand tonnes, while the maximum was in 2019 at 252.7 thousand tonnes. The largest decline of 21.3% occurred in 2020.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Indonesia in kind, 2018-2021, K t

From 2018 to 2021, Ecuador, Côte d'Ivoire, and Nigeria continued to head the list of suppliers of cocoa beans to Indonesia, with shares of 28.4%, 22.8%, and 11.6% of imports in kind, respectively, jointly accounting for 62.8% of total imports in kind.

Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2021

World map of product's imports to Indonesia in kind, 2018-2021

Imports in value, M $ US

In 2021, Indonesia's cocoa bean imports totalled 616.9 million US dollars, showing a significant advance of 22.0% year-over-year. Between 2018 and 2021, imports increased by 16.6%, equating to an annualized rate of 5.3%. The minimum value was recorded in 2020 at 505.5 million US dollars, with the largest decline of 13.5% also occurring in that year.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Indonesia in value, 2018-2021, M $ US

Throughout 2018 to 2021, the three largest markets—Ecuador, Côte d'Ivoire, and Nigeria—remained central to imports in value terms, together accounting for 62.5% of total flows.

Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2021

World map of product's imports to Indonesia in value, 2018-2021