Chloride oxides and hydroxides market in Spain

Earlier Report Observations

Imports of chloride oxides and hydroxides into Spain increased steadily from 3 609 t in 2018 to 5 257 t in 2024, while exports varied between 1 350 t and 1 990 t over the period. Available market volume data shows 23 987 t in 2021, a slight dip to 23 258 t in 2022, and a recovery to 25 063 t in 2024. In value terms, the market expanded significantly from 16.7 million USD in 2021 to 24.4 million USD in 2024.

Regulatory changes played a key role. The modification of Real Decreto 3/2023, which set specific limits for residual chlorine dioxide in drinking water and mandated filtration, directly increased demand for chlorine dioxide in water treatment. Furthermore, the entry into force of the EU's updated CLP Regulation on chemical labeling in December 2024 introduced new packaging and compliance requirements for these products.

The broader growth of the Spanish chemical sector, which expanded by 3.6% in 2024, supported production despite challenges from high energy costs and CO2 emission prices. This was accompanied by rising adoption of stabilized liquid chlorine dioxide solutions, driven by industrial modernization and stricter sanitation needs, boosting consumption in water disinfection and industrial applications.

Production chloride oxides and hydroxides in Spain

According to Faostat, there is no production of chloride oxides and hydroxides in Spain.

Exports chloride oxides and hydroxides from Spain

Exports in kind, t

In 2020, Spain exported 1 616 tonnes of chloride oxides and hydroxides, marking a significant reduction of 18.8% compared to the previous year. Between 2017 and 2020, exports decreased by 27.5%, which translates to an annualized decline of 10.2%. The only notable increase during this period occurred in 2019, with a modest rise of 2.1%.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Spain in kind, 2017-2020, t

From 2017 to 2020, the primary destinations for Spain's exports of chloride oxides and hydroxides in volume terms were France, accounting for 21.6% of exports, Turkey with 17.6%, and Italy at 13.1%. Together, these three countries represented 52.3% of total export flows.

Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

World map of product's exports from Spain in kind, 2017-2020

Exports in value, K $ US

Spain's cross-border shipments of chloride oxides and hydroxides declined for the third consecutive year. In 2020, exports totaled 5 523 thousand US dollars, down by 26.0% from the prior year. Over the period from 2017 to 2020, exports fell by 39.7%, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of -15.5%.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Spain in value, 2017-2020, K $ US

Throughout 2017–2020, the key markets for Spain's exports of chloride oxides and hydroxides in value terms were France, contributing 20.7% of exports, Greece at 18.0%, and Turkey with 17.8%. Collectively, these three countries accounted for 56.4% of total export flows.

Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2017-2020

World map of product's exports from Spain in value, 2017-2020

Imports chloride oxides and hydroxides to Spain

Imports in kind, t

Spain's imports of chloride oxides and hydroxides increased for the second consecutive year. In 2020, imports reached 3 873 tonnes, reflecting a 5.7% rise compared to 2019. Over the period from 2017 to 2020, imports grew by 6.4%, with a CAGR of 2.1%. The lowest volume was recorded in 2018 at 3 609 tonnes, which also saw the largest decline of 0.8% during this timeframe.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Spain in kind, 2017-2020, t

From 2017 to 2020, the main sources for Spain's imports of chloride oxides and hydroxides in volume terms were Belgium, representing 20.8% of imports, France at 17.5%, and Germany with 16.2%. Together, these three countries made up 54.5% of total import flows.

Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

World map of product's imports to Spain in kind, 2017-2020

Imports in value, K $ US

In 2020, Spain's imports of chloride oxides and hydroxides in value terms amounted to 12 487 thousand US dollars, showing a robust increase of 14.3% compared to 2019. Over the period from 2017 to 2020, imports rose by 8.1%, with a CAGR of 2.6%. The lowest value was recorded in 2019 at 10 927 thousand US dollars, which also experienced the largest decline of 9.9% during this period.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Spain in value, 2017-2020, K $ US

From 2017 to 2020, the primary destinations for Spain's imports of chloride oxides and hydroxides in value terms were Belgium, accounting for 28.2% of imports, India with 16.6%, and France at 12.9%. Together, these three countries represented 57.7% of total import flows.

Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2017-2020

World map of product's imports to Spain in value, 2017-2020