Market research

Barley market in Iran

Release date: Mar 28, 2026

Submission: 15 minutes after payment

Research period: 2017-2025

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Earlier Report Observations

The barley market in Iran expanded to 7.5 million tons in 2019, driven by accelerated currency allocation for feed imports and increased domestic barley supply entering the market from mid-March. However, sanctions and exchange rate fluctuations in 2020 constrained imports, pulling the total market volume down to 5.7 million tons.

State policies, including the stabilization of guaranteed purchase prices by the Ministry of Agricultural Jihad and the use of the Bazargah system to manage feed supplies and control prices, supported local farmers and production. The Livestock Support Company played a central role in daily feed provisioning and market regulation.

In the following years, persistent sanctions and exchange rate volatility continued to limit imports, leading to a further contraction of the market to 4.3 million tons by 2023, despite a recovery in domestic barley output.

Table of content

1. Disclaimer
2. Terms of use of the report
3. Product codes in the statistical classifications used in the report
4. Key Market Indicators and Trends
1. 4.1. Key Market Indicators
  1. 4.1.1. In kind
    1. 4.1.1.1. Production, 2018-2023
    2. 4.1.1.2. Imports, 2018-2024
    3. 4.1.1.3. Exports, 2018-2024
    4. 4.1.1.4. Market size, 2018-2023
2. 4.2. Market Trends and Factors
5. Production
1. 5.1. Production in Iran
  1. 5.1.1. Annual dynamics of production in Iran in kind, 2018-2023, K t
  2. 5.1.2. Annual dynamics of production in Iran in value, 2018-2023, $ US
2. 5.2. Global production by Country, 2018-2023
  1. 5.2.1. Annual dynamics of production by macroregions in kind, 2018-2023, K t
  2. 5.2.2. Dynamics of production structure by macroregions in kind, 2018-2023
  3. 5.2.3. Annual dynamics of production by country in kind, 2018-2023, K t
  4. 5.2.4. Structure of production by countries in kind, 2018-2023
  5. 5.2.5. Dynamics of peoduction structure by countries in kind, 2018-2023
6. Imports
1. 6.1. Imports (Direct Data*)
  1. 6.1.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 6.1.2. Imports in kind, K t
    1. 6.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Iran in kind, 2018-2024, K t
    2. 6.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to Iran by countries, 2018-2024, K t
    3. 6.1.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 6.1.3. Imports in value, M $ US
    1. 6.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Iran in value, 2018-2024, M $ US
    2. 6.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to Iran by countries, 2018-2024, M $ US
    3. 6.1.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 6.1.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/t
    1. 6.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to Iran, 2018-2024, $ US/t
    2. 6.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to Iran by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/t
2. 6.2. Imports (Mirror Data)
  1. 6.2.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 6.2.2. Imports in kind, K t
    1. 6.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Iran in kind, 2018-2024, K t
    2. 6.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to Iran by countries, 2018-2024, K t
    3. 6.2.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 6.2.3. Imports in value, M $ US
    1. 6.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Iran in value, 2018-2024, M $ US
    2. 6.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to Iran by countries, 2018-2024, M $ US
    3. 6.2.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 6.2.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/t
    1. 6.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to Iran, 2018-2024, $ US/t
    2. 6.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to Iran by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/t
7. Exports
1. 7.1. Exports (Direct Data*)
  1. 7.1.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 7.1.2. Exports in kind, K t
    1. 7.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Iran in kind, 2018-2024, K t
    2. 7.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from Iran by countries, 2018-2024, K t
    3. 7.1.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 7.1.3. Exports in value, M $ US
    1. 7.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Iran in value, 2018-2024, M $ US
    2. 7.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from Iran by countries, 2018-2024, M $ US
    3. 7.1.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 7.1.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/t
    1. 7.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from Iran, 2018-2024, $ US/t
    2. 7.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from Iran by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/t
2. 7.2. Exports (Mirror Data)
  1. 7.2.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 7.2.2. Exports in kind, K t
    1. 7.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Iran in kind, 2018-2024, K t
    2. 7.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from Iran by countries, 2018-2024, K t
    3. 7.2.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 7.2.3. Exports in value, M $ US
    1. 7.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Iran in value, 2018-2024, M $ US
    2. 7.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from Iran by countries, 2018-2024, M $ US
    3. 7.2.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 7.2.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/t
    1. 7.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from Iran, 2018-2024, $ US/t
    2. 7.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from Iran by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/t
8. Trade balance
1. 8.1. Trade balance (Direct Data)
  1. 8.1.1. In kind, K t
  2. 8.1.2. In value, M $ US
2. 8.2. Trade balance (Mirror Data)
  1. 8.2.1. In kind, K t
  2. 8.2.2. In value, M $ US
9. Top buying and selling countries, 2018-2024
1. 9.1. Direct Data
  1. 9.1.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.1.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers
2. 9.2. Mirror Data
  1. 9.2.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.2.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers

Production barley in Iran

In kind, 2017-2020, K t

Between 2017 and 2020, Iran ranked as the 14th largest barley producer in the world.

Top producers of barley, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of production of barley, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Barley production in Iran grew for the third consecutive year. In 2020, the country produced 3 875 K t of barley, marking a 10.3% increase compared to 2019. Over the 2017-2020 period, production rose by 30.3%, with a compound annual growth rate of 9.2%.

Annual dynamics of production in Iran in kind, 2017-2020, K t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	4.3%	13.3%	10.3%	9.2%

Source: SHEV.io

Exports barley from Iran

Exports in kind, K t

The data shows irregular changes, indicating a volatile market environment. Export volumes reached their lowest point in 2017 and peaked in 2018, with a top-to-bottom ratio of 2 610 times. In 2019, Iran's barley exports stood at 0.0 K t, representing a sharp decline of 99.8% compared to 2018. The maximum volume was recorded in 2018 at 3 K t, with the largest increase that year reaching 260 934.5%.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Iran in kind, 2017-2020, K t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	260 934.5%	(99.8%)	n/a	-

Source: SHEV.io

From 2017 to 2020, Russia and Iraq formed a highly concentrated pair of markets for Iran's barley exports in kind, together accounting for 99.9% of total flows.

Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from Iran in kind, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Exports in value, M $ US

The market exhibited an unstable trend throughout the timeframe. The lowest export value was observed in 2017, with the highest in 2018, reflecting a 651-fold gap. In 2019, Iran's barley exports stood at 0.0 M $ US, amounting to a dramatic decrease of 99.5% compared to 2018. The maximum value was recorded in 2018 at 1 M $ US, with the largest increase that year reaching 64 964.2%.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Iran in value, 2017-2020, M $ US

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	64 964.2%	(99.5%)	n/a	-

Source: SHEV.io

Over 2017–2020, Russia and Iraq dominated the geographical structure of Iran's barley exports in value terms, jointly accounting for 99.7% of total flows.

Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from Iran in value, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Imports barley to Iran

Imports in kind, K t

Iran imported 1 865 K t of barley in 2020, representing a dramatic decline of 53.7% compared to 2019. Between 2017 and 2020, imports decreased by 30.1%, equating to an 11.3% annualized rate. The maximum volume was recorded in 2019 at 4 026 K t, with the largest increase that year reaching 52.0%.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Iran in kind, 2017-2020, K t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	(0.8%)	52.0%	(53.7%)	(11.3%)

Source: SHEV.io

In 2017–2020, Russia (21.3% of imports in kind), Germany (16.5% of imports in kind), and the United Arab Emirates (13.8% of imports in kind) were the main markets for Iran's barley imports in kind, together accounting for 51.6% of total flows.

Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to Iran in kind, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Imports in value, M $ US

After a two-year advance, Iran's volume of barley imports declined. In 2020, imports totalled 465 M $ US, which is 54.2% less year-over-year. Over the 2017-2020 period, imports decreased by 10.2%, with a compound annual growth rate of 3.5%. The maximum value was recorded in 2019 at 1 016 M $ US, with the largest increase that year reaching 68.5%.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Iran in value, 2017-2020, M $ US

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	16.2%	68.5%	(54.2%)	(3.5%)

Source: SHEV.io

In 2017–2020, Russia (21.1% of imports in value terms), Germany (16.4% of imports in value terms), and the United Arab Emirates (13.7% of imports in value terms) formed the main group of destinations for Iran's barley imports in value terms, with a combined share of 51.2% of total flows.

Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to Iran in value, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io