Market research

Sorghum market in Southern Asia

Release date: Mar 28, 2026

Submission: 15 minutes after payment

Research period: 2017-2025

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"Southern Asia" region includes following countries:

Afghanistan

Bangladesh

Bhutan

Sri Lanka

India

Iran

Maldives

Nepal

Pakistan

Earlier Report Observations

Sorghum market volume in Southern Asia fluctuated considerably from 4 450 thousand tonnes in 2018 to 3 887 thousand tonnes in 2023. The initial decline to 3 559 thousand tonnes in 2019 aligned with reports of shrinking cultivation area and productivity gaps. A strong recovery to 5 161 thousand tonnes occurred in 2020, fueled by the crop's recognition as a climate-resilient food source for vulnerable populations.

Subsequently, the market entered a phase of decline, falling each year through 2023. This trend was exacerbated by rising production costs that reduced farmer margins, alongside consumer demand that failed to match growing awareness of sorghum's health and environmental benefits. The announcement of Minimum Support Prices in 2023 represented a governmental response to these market pressures.

Table of content

1. Disclaimer
2. Terms of use of the report
3. Product codes in the statistical classifications used in the report
4. Key Market Indicators and Trends
1. 4.1. Key Market Indicators
  1. 4.1.1. In kind
    1. 4.1.1.1. Production, 2018-2023
    2. 4.1.1.2. Imports, 2018-2024
    3. 4.1.1.3. Exports, 2018-2024
    4. 4.1.1.4. Market size, 2018-2023
2. 4.2. Market Trends and Factors
5. Production
1. 5.1. Production in Southern Asia
  1. 5.1.1. Annual dynamics of production in Southern Asia in kind, 2018-2023, K t
2. 5.2. Global production by Country, 2018-2023
  1. 5.2.1. Annual dynamics of production by macroregions in kind, 2018-2023, K t
  2. 5.2.2. Dynamics of production structure by macroregions in kind, 2018-2023
  3. 5.2.3. Annual dynamics of production by country in kind, 2018-2023, K t
  4. 5.2.4. Structure of production by countries in kind, 2018-2023
  5. 5.2.5. Dynamics of peoduction structure by countries in kind, 2018-2023
6. Imports
1. 6.1. Imports (Direct Data*)
  1. 6.1.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 6.1.2. Imports in kind, t
    1. 6.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Afghanistan in kind, 2018-2024, t
    2. 6.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to Afghanistan by countries, 2018-2024, t
    3. 6.1.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 6.1.3. Imports in value, K $ US
    1. 6.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Afghanistan in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 6.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to Afghanistan by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 6.1.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 6.1.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/t
    1. 6.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to Afghanistan, 2018-2024, $ US/t
    2. 6.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to Afghanistan by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/t
2. 6.2. Imports (Mirror Data)
  1. 6.2.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 6.2.2. Imports in kind, t
    1. 6.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Afghanistan in kind, 2018-2024, t
    2. 6.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to Afghanistan by countries, 2018-2024, t
    3. 6.2.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 6.2.3. Imports in value, K $ US
    1. 6.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Afghanistan in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 6.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to Afghanistan by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 6.2.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 6.2.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/t
    1. 6.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to Afghanistan, 2018-2024, $ US/t
    2. 6.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to Afghanistan by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/t
7. Exports
1. 7.1. Exports (Direct Data*)
  1. 7.1.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 7.1.2. Exports in kind, t
    1. 7.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Afghanistan in kind, 2018-2024, t
    2. 7.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from Afghanistan by countries, 2018-2024, t
    3. 7.1.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 7.1.3. Exports in value, K $ US
    1. 7.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Afghanistan in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 7.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from Afghanistan by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 7.1.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 7.1.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/t
    1. 7.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from Afghanistan, 2018-2024, $ US/t
    2. 7.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from Afghanistan by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/t
2. 7.2. Exports (Mirror Data)
  1. 7.2.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 7.2.2. Exports in kind, t
    1. 7.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Afghanistan in kind, 2018-2024, t
    2. 7.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from Afghanistan by countries, 2018-2024, t
    3. 7.2.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 7.2.3. Exports in value, K $ US
    1. 7.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Afghanistan in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 7.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from Afghanistan by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 7.2.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 7.2.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/t
    1. 7.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from Afghanistan, 2018-2024, $ US/t
    2. 7.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from Afghanistan by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/t
8. Trade balance
1. 8.1. Trade balance (Direct Data)
  1. 8.1.1. In kind, t
  2. 8.1.2. In value, K $ US
2. 8.2. Trade balance (Mirror Data)
  1. 8.2.1. In kind, t
  2. 8.2.2. In value, K $ US
9. Top buying and selling countries, 2018-2024
1. 9.1. Direct Data
  1. 9.1.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.1.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers
2. 9.2. Mirror Data
  1. 9.2.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.2.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers

Production sorghum in Southern Asia

In kind, 2017-2020, K t

Top producers of sorghum, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of production of sorghum, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Southern Asia's sorghum production rebounded after two years of decline. In 2020, the region produced 5 158 K t of sorghum, marking a significant 45.0% increase from the previous year. Looking at the period from 2017 to 2020, production grew by 2.5%, which translates to an annualized growth rate of 0.8%. The lowest production level was recorded in 2019 at 3 558 K t, which also saw the largest decline of 19.4% during this timeframe.

Annual dynamics of production in Southern Asia in kind, 2017-2020, K t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	(12.3%)	(19.4%)	45.0%	0.8%

Source: SHEV.io

Exports sorghum from Southern Asia

Exports in kind, t

The market for sorghum exports from Southern Asia experienced notable fluctuations during this period. Exports reached their lowest point in 2018 at 6 t, then surged to a high in 2017, with a dramatic 243-fold difference between these years. In 2020, exports dropped sharply to 13 t, representing an 82.5% decrease compared to 2019. The largest decline occurred in 2018 at 99.6%, while the most significant increase was recorded in 2019 at 1 108.7%.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Southern Asia in kind, 2017-2020, t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	(99.6%)	1 108.7%	(82.5%)	(79.4%)

Source: SHEV.io

From 2017 to 2020, the leading destinations for Southern Asia's sorghum exports in kind were Saudi Arabia (3.7% of exports), the United Arab Emirates (3.4%), and Kazakhstan (1.5%). Together, these three countries accounted for 8.6% of total export flows.

Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from Southern Asia in kind, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Exports in value, K $ US

The market for sorghum exports in value terms showed an unstable trend throughout the period. Exports peaked in 2017 and fell to their lowest point in 2018, with a 154-fold variation between these years. In 2020, Southern Asia's sorghum exports totaled 16 K $ US, reflecting a steep 52.6% decline compared to the previous year. The minimum value was recorded in 2018 at 11 K $ US, which also saw the largest decline of 99.4%. The most significant increase occurred in 2019 at 213.7%.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Southern Asia in value, 2017-2020, K $ US

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	(99.4%)	213.7%	(52.6%)	(78.7%)

Source: SHEV.io

Between 2017 and 2020, the United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia were the top buyers of sorghum from Southern Asia in value terms, together representing 1.9% of total exports.

Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from Southern Asia in value, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Imports sorghum to Southern Asia

Imports in kind, t

The sorghum import market in Southern Asia was characterized by volatility during these years. Imports reached their maximum in 2018 at 36 271 t, then dropped to their lowest point in 2019 at 984 t, resulting in a 37-fold difference between these years. In 2020, imports rebounded to 3 482 t, up by 254.0% from the previous year. The largest decline was recorded in 2019 at 97.3%, while the most significant increase occurred in 2018 at 2 499.5%.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Southern Asia in kind, 2017-2020, t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	2 499.5%	(97.3%)	254.0%	35.6%

Source: SHEV.io

From 2017 to 2020, Argentina was the primary source for sorghum imports into Southern Asia, accounting for 64.2% of total imports in kind.

Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to Southern Asia in kind, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Imports in value, K $ US

The market for sorghum imports in value terms exhibited volatility during this period. Imports hit their peak in 2018 at 9 956 K $ US and fell to their lowest point in 2019 at 1 236 K $ US, with an 8.1-fold variation. In 2020, imports increased to 2 571 K $ US, showing a sudden rise of 108.0% compared to the prior year. The largest decline was recorded in 2019 at 87.6%, while the most significant increase occurred in 2018 at 542.2%.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Southern Asia in value, 2017-2020, K $ US

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	542.2%	(87.6%)	108.0%	18.4%

Source: SHEV.io

Over the period from 2017 to 2020, Argentina and the United States were consistently the main markets for sorghum imports into Southern Asia in value terms, together making up 53.5% of total import flows.

Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to Southern Asia in value, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io