Non-electrical graphite or carbon articles market in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Earlier Report Observations

Between 2021 and 2024, the market for non-electrical graphite or carbon articles in Bosnia and Herzegovina showed considerable volatility, with the physical market volume reaching 113.7 t in 2024 after a notable 46% increase from the previous year's 77.9 t. The market's value followed a different trajectory, peaking at $6.3 million in 2022 before declining to $5.0 million in 2024. This period of market expansion in volume was partly shaped by external regulatory pressures. By 2024, the country's advancing energy market reforms, including draft laws to modernize the power sector and align with the EU, introduced greater market stability and indirect effects on industrial energy pricing. Concurrently, the national implementation of credible carbon pricing policies aimed at decarbonization began to influence the production cost environment for manufacturers, coinciding with a period of increased market activity.

The year 2024 also saw a significant shift in the market's financial structure, as the value of exports surged to $2.3 million from just $0.1 million in 2023, indicating a sharp increase in the unit value of exported goods. This occurred alongside a substantial rise in import volume to 124.9 t. These movements unfolded within a broader context of a 103% increase in national clean energy investment and a slight rise in industrial electricity prices. Furthermore, regional factors like the EU's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) started to affect electricity trade and energy cost competitiveness in the Western Balkans, adding another layer of economic influence on the graphite articles sector during its growth phase.

Production non-electrical graphite or carbon articles in Bosnia and Herzegovina

In value, 2018-2021, K $ US

Annual dynamics of production in Bosnia and Herzegovina in value, 2018-2021, K $ US

In kind, 2018-2021, kg

Annual dynamics of production in Bosnia and Herzegovina in kind, 2018-2021, kg

Exports non-electrical graphite or carbon articles from Bosnia and Herzegovina

Exports in kind, t

Bosnia and Herzegovina's exports of non-electrical graphite or carbon articles have grown for the third year in a row. In 2021, the country exported 14.2 tons, representing a 52.8% increase compared to the previous year. Looking at the period from 2018 to 2021, exports surged by 446.5%, with an average annual growth rate of 76.1%.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Bosnia and Herzegovina in kind, 2018-2021, t

From 2018 to 2021, Germany was the leading buyer of non-electrical graphite or carbon articles from Bosnia and Herzegovina, accounting for 61.3% of exports in volume. Croatia followed with 13.4%, and Italy with 12.2%. Together, these three countries made up 87.0% of total exports in kind.

Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2021

World map of product's exports from Bosnia and Herzegovina in kind, 2018-2021

Exports in value, K $ US

Export values showed significant fluctuations during this period. The lowest point was in 2020 at 65 000 US dollars, while exports peaked in 2021 at 152 000 US dollars, marking a 2.3-fold increase. In 2021, exports rose by 132.5% year-over-year. The largest decline occurred in 2020, with a drop of 41.9%.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Bosnia and Herzegovina in value, 2018-2021, K $ US

Between 2018 and 2021, Italy and Slovenia were the key markets for Bosnia and Herzegovina's exports in value terms, together representing 95.3% of total export flows. Other destinations contributed relatively small shares.

Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2021

World map of product's exports from Bosnia and Herzegovina in value, 2018-2021

Imports non-electrical graphite or carbon articles to Bosnia and Herzegovina

Imports in kind, t

Import volumes experienced irregular changes, reflecting a volatile market. The lowest point was in 2019 at 54.8 tons, while imports peaked in 2018, showing a 3.1-fold difference between these years. In 2021, imports totaled 80.2 tons, down 11.5% from 2020. The largest decline was recorded in 2019 at 67.4%, while the largest increase occurred in 2020 at 65.4%.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Bosnia and Herzegovina in kind, 2018-2021, t

From 2018 to 2021, Italy was the primary source for imports of non-electrical graphite or carbon articles to Bosnia and Herzegovina, making up 46.9% of imports in volume. Poland contributed 33.0%, and Austria 4.8%. Combined, these three countries accounted for 84.6% of total import flows in kind.

Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2021

World map of product's imports to Bosnia and Herzegovina in kind, 2018-2021

Imports in value, K $ US

Imports of non-electrical graphite or carbon articles into Bosnia and Herzegovina have increased for the second consecutive year. In 2021, imports reached 3 048 000 US dollars, up 48.0% compared to 2020. Over the period from 2018 to 2021, imports grew by 57.6%, with an average annual growth rate of 16.4%. The lowest value was recorded in 2019 at 1 635 000 US dollars, with the largest decline that year at 15.4%.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Bosnia and Herzegovina in value, 2018-2021, K $ US

During 2018–2021, Italy dominated the import structure in value terms, accounting for 75.5% of total flows. Other countries had relatively minor shares.

Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2021

World map of product's imports to Bosnia and Herzegovina in value, 2018-2021