Market research

Mandarins, clementines, tangelos and citrus hybrids market in Sub-Saharan Africa

Release date: Mar 28, 2026

Submission: 15 minutes after payment

Research period: 2017-2025

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File format: docx, xlsx

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"Sub-Saharan Africa" region includes following countries:

Cabo Verde

Benin

Gambia

Ghana

Guinea

Côte d'Ivoire

Liberia

Mali

Mauritania

Niger

Nigeria

Guinea-Bissau

Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha

Senegal

Sierra Leone

Togo

Burkina Faso

British Indian Ocean Territory

Burundi

Comoros

Mayotte

Ethiopia

Eritrea

French Southern Territories

Djibouti

Kenya

Madagascar

Malawi

Mauritius

Mozambique

Reunion

Rwanda

Seychelles

Somalia

Zimbabwe

South Sudan

Uganda

Tanzania

Zambia

Angola

Cameroon

Central African Republic

Chad

Congo

Democratic Republic of the Congo

Equatorial Guinea

Gabon

Sao Tome and Principe

Botswana

Lesotho

Namibia

South Africa

Eswatini

Earlier Report Observations

The market for mandarins, clementines, tangelos and citrus hybrids in Sub-Saharan Africa expanded consistently from 2018 to 2022, with volume growing from 306 thousand tons to 593 thousand tons. This growth was underpinned by a steady rise in domestic production, which more than doubled over the period.

A major boost occurred from 2022 as new citrus plantings in South Africa came into full production, supported by adequate rainfall, significantly increasing output and market volume. The industry simultaneously worked to revise cold treatment protocols to secure and expand market access for key varieties like clementines.

The market volume contracted to 569 thousand tons in 2023, coinciding with a near-doubling of mandarin and tangerine exports to China. Into 2024, export growth was further propelled by young Nadorcott and Tango mandarin trees maturing and contributing to higher shipment volumes.

Table of content

1. Disclaimer
2. Terms of use of the report
3. Product codes in the statistical classifications used in the report
4. Key Market Indicators and Trends
1. 4.1. Key Market Indicators
  1. 4.1.1. In kind
    1. 4.1.1.1. Production, 2018-2023
    2. 4.1.1.2. Imports, 2018-2024
    3. 4.1.1.3. Exports, 2018-2024
    4. 4.1.1.4. Market size, 2018-2023
  2. 4.1.2. In value
    1. 4.1.2.1. Production, 2018-2023
    2. 4.1.2.2. Imports, 2018-2024
    3. 4.1.2.3. Exports, 2018-2024
    4. 4.1.2.4. Market size, 2018-2023
2. 4.2. Market Trends and Factors
5. Production
1. 5.1. Production in Sub-Saharan Africa
  1. 5.1.1. Annual dynamics of production in Sub-Saharan Africa in kind, 2018-2023, K t
2. 5.2. Global production by Country, 2018-2023
  1. 5.2.1. Annual dynamics of production by macroregions in kind, 2018-2023, K t
  2. 5.2.2. Dynamics of production structure by macroregions in kind, 2018-2023
  3. 5.2.3. Annual dynamics of production by country in kind, 2018-2023, K t
  4. 5.2.4. Structure of production by countries in kind, 2018-2023
  5. 5.2.5. Dynamics of peoduction structure by countries in kind, 2018-2023
6. Exports
1. 6.1. Exports (Direct Data*)
  1. 6.1.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 6.1.2. Exports in kind, K t
    1. 6.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Cabo Verde in kind, 2018-2024, K t
    2. 6.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from Cabo Verde by countries, 2018-2024, K t
    3. 6.1.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 6.1.3. Exports in value, M $ US
    1. 6.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Cabo Verde in value, 2018-2024, M $ US
    2. 6.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from Cabo Verde by countries, 2018-2024, M $ US
    3. 6.1.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 6.1.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/t
    1. 6.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from Cabo Verde, 2018-2024, $ US/t
    2. 6.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from Cabo Verde by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/t
2. 6.2. Exports (Mirror Data)
  1. 6.2.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 6.2.2. Exports in kind, K t
    1. 6.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Cabo Verde in kind, 2018-2024, K t
    2. 6.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from Cabo Verde by countries, 2018-2024, K t
    3. 6.2.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 6.2.3. Exports in value, M $ US
    1. 6.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Cabo Verde in value, 2018-2024, M $ US
    2. 6.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from Cabo Verde by countries, 2018-2024, M $ US
    3. 6.2.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 6.2.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/t
    1. 6.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from Cabo Verde, 2018-2024, $ US/t
    2. 6.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from Cabo Verde by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/t
7. Imports
1. 7.1. Imports (Direct Data*)
  1. 7.1.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 7.1.2. Imports in kind, K t
    1. 7.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Cabo Verde in kind, 2018-2024, K t
    2. 7.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to Cabo Verde by countries, 2018-2024, K t
    3. 7.1.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 7.1.3. Imports in value, M $ US
    1. 7.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Cabo Verde in value, 2018-2024, M $ US
    2. 7.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to Cabo Verde by countries, 2018-2024, M $ US
    3. 7.1.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 7.1.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/t
    1. 7.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to Cabo Verde, 2018-2024, $ US/t
    2. 7.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to Cabo Verde by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/t
2. 7.2. Imports (Mirror Data)
  1. 7.2.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 7.2.2. Imports in kind, K t
    1. 7.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Cabo Verde in kind, 2018-2024, K t
    2. 7.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to Cabo Verde by countries, 2018-2024, K t
    3. 7.2.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 7.2.3. Imports in value, M $ US
    1. 7.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Cabo Verde in value, 2018-2024, M $ US
    2. 7.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to Cabo Verde by countries, 2018-2024, M $ US
    3. 7.2.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 7.2.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/t
    1. 7.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to Cabo Verde, 2018-2024, $ US/t
    2. 7.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to Cabo Verde by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/t
8. Trade balance
1. 8.1. Trade balance (Direct Data)
  1. 8.1.1. In kind, K t
  2. 8.1.2. In value, M $ US
2. 8.2. Trade balance (Mirror Data)
  1. 8.2.1. In kind, K t
  2. 8.2.2. In value, M $ US
9. Top buying and selling countries, 2018-2024
1. 9.1. Direct Data
  1. 9.1.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.1.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers
2. 9.2. Mirror Data
  1. 9.2.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.2.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers

Production mandarins, clementines, tangelos and citrus hybrids in Sub-Saharan Africa

In kind, 2017-2020, K t

Top producers of mandarins, clementines, tangelos and citrus hybrids, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of production of mandarins, clementines, tangelos and citrus hybrids, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Sub-Saharan Africa's production of mandarins, clementines, tangelos, and citrus hybrids has grown for the third year in a row. In 2020, the region produced 811.0 thousand tonnes of these fruits, marking a 15.4% increase from the previous year. From 2017 to 2020, production surged by 88.6%, which translates to an average annual growth rate of 23.5%.

Annual dynamics of production in Sub-Saharan Africa in kind, 2017-2020, K t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	28.6%	27.1%	15.4%	23.5%

Source: SHEV.io

In value, 2017-2020, M $ US

The value of mandarins, clementines, tangelos, and citrus hybrids produced in Sub-Saharan Africa has risen for the third consecutive year. In 2020, output was valued at 856.1 million US dollars, up 27.0% year-on-year. Between 2017 and 2020, production value increased by 93.1%, with a compound annual growth rate of 24.5%.

Annual dynamics of production in Sub-Saharan Africa in value, 2017-2020, M $ US

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	29.3%	17.5%	27.0%	24.5%

Source: SHEV.io

Exports mandarins, clementines, tangelos and citrus hybrids from Sub-Saharan Africa

Exports in kind, K t

Export volumes of mandarins, clementines, tangelos, and citrus hybrids from Sub-Saharan Africa have increased for the third straight year. In 2020, the region exported 379.0 thousand tonnes, showing a sharp gain of 31.6% compared to 2019. From 2017 to 2020, exports grew by 80.7%, equivalent to an annualized rate of 21.8%.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Sub-Saharan Africa in kind, 2017-2020, K t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	23.9%	10.8%	31.6%	21.8%

Source: SHEV.io

From 2017 to 2020, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and Russia were the top destinations for exports in kind, accounting for 25.6%, 21.2%, and 9.1% of the total, respectively. Together, these three countries represented 55.8% of all export flows.

Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from Sub-Saharan Africa in kind, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Exports in value, M $ US

The value of mandarins, clementines, tangelos, and citrus hybrids shipped from Sub-Saharan Africa has grown for the third year in a row. In 2020, export value reached 400.1 million US dollars, a 44.9% increase from 2019. Between 2017 and 2020, exports rose by 85%, with an annualized growth rate of 22.8%.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Sub-Saharan Africa in value, 2017-2020, M $ US

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	24.7%	2.4%	44.9%	22.8%

Source: SHEV.io

During 2017–2020, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and Russia stood out as the main markets for exports in value terms, with shares of 25.3%, 20.9%, and 8.2%, respectively. Combined, they accounted for 54.5% of total export flows.

Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from Sub-Saharan Africa in value, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Imports mandarins, clementines, tangelos and citrus hybrids to Sub-Saharan Africa

Imports in kind, K t

Imports of mandarins, clementines, tangelos, and citrus hybrids into Sub-Saharan Africa have increased for the second consecutive year. In 2020, imports totaled 19.4 thousand tonnes, a sudden gain of 27.3% from 2019. From 2017 to 2020, imports grew by 18.5%, equating to an annualized rate of 5.8%. The lowest volume was recorded in 2018 at 13.0 thousand tonnes, which represented the largest decline of 20.7% during this period.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Sub-Saharan Africa in kind, 2017-2020, K t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	(20.7%)	17.3%	27.3%	5.8%

Source: SHEV.io

From 2017 to 2020, the partner structure for imports in kind was balanced rather than concentrated. Morocco, Spain, and Pakistan were the leading sources, accounting for 20.7%, 9.6%, and 7.6% of imports, respectively, and together representing 37.8% of total flows. Many other countries made up the remaining 62.2%.

Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to Sub-Saharan Africa in kind, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Imports in value, M $ US

The value of mandarins, clementines, tangelos, and citrus hybrids imported into Sub-Saharan Africa has risen for the second year in a row. In 2020, imports amounted to 17.8 million US dollars, a 23.6% increase from the previous year. Between 2017 and 2020, import value grew by 34.9%, with an annualized rate of 10.5%. The lowest value was recorded in 2018 at 11.7 million US dollars, marking the largest decline of 11.2% during this period.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Sub-Saharan Africa in value, 2017-2020, M $ US

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	(11.2%)	23.0%	23.6%	10.5%

Source: SHEV.io

Over 2017–2020, imports in value terms of mandarins, clementines, tangelos, and citrus hybrids to Sub-Saharan Africa were widely dispersed across partner countries. Spain, Morocco, and Egypt were the top sources, with shares of 13.5%, 12.8%, and 9.6%, respectively, but together they represented only 35.9% of total flows.

Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to Sub-Saharan Africa in value, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io