Market research

Garlic market in Central America

Release date: Mar 27, 2026

Submission: 15 minutes after payment

Research period: 2017-2025

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"Central America" region includes following countries:

Belize

Costa Rica

El Salvador

Guatemala

Honduras

Mexico

Nicaragua

Panama

Earlier Report Observations

The fresh garlic market in Central America experienced notable fluctuations in volume between 2018 and 2023. Starting at 146.4 thousand tons in 2018, the market contracted to 135.5 thousand tons the following year before recovering to 148.7 thousand tons in 2020. This pattern of volatility continued with a decline to 136.2 thousand tons in 2021 and a further drop to 130.3 thousand tons in 2022.

During 2022, market sources indicated that consumer demand for garlic in the region remained stable, contrasting with other global markets where orders were reduced by high shipping costs. This underlying demand stability preceded a strong market rebound in 2023, where volume grew by 16.8% to reach 152.2 thousand tons, the highest level recorded in the period.

Table of content

1. Disclaimer
2. Terms of use of the report
3. Product codes in the statistical classifications used in the report
4. Key Market Indicators and Trends
1. 4.1. Key Market Indicators
  1. 4.1.1. In kind
    1. 4.1.1.1. Production, 2018-2023
    2. 4.1.1.2. Imports, 2018-2024
    3. 4.1.1.3. Exports, 2018-2024
    4. 4.1.1.4. Market size, 2018-2023
2. 4.2. Market Trends and Factors
5. Production
1. 5.1. Production in Central America
  1. 5.1.1. Annual dynamics of production in Central America in kind, 2018-2023, K t
2. 5.2. Global production by Country, 2018-2023
  1. 5.2.1. Annual dynamics of production by macroregions in kind, 2018-2023, K t
  2. 5.2.2. Dynamics of production structure by macroregions in kind, 2018-2023
  3. 5.2.3. Annual dynamics of production by country in kind, 2018-2023, K t
  4. 5.2.4. Structure of production by countries in kind, 2018-2023
  5. 5.2.5. Dynamics of peoduction structure by countries in kind, 2018-2023
6. Imports
1. 6.1. Imports (Direct Data*)
  1. 6.1.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 6.1.2. Imports in kind, t
    1. 6.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Belize in kind, 2018-2024, t
    2. 6.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to Belize by countries, 2018-2024, t
    3. 6.1.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 6.1.3. Imports in value, K $ US
    1. 6.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Belize in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 6.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to Belize by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 6.1.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 6.1.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/t
    1. 6.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to Belize, 2018-2024, $ US/t
    2. 6.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to Belize by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/t
2. 6.2. Imports (Mirror Data)
  1. 6.2.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 6.2.2. Imports in kind, t
    1. 6.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Belize in kind, 2018-2024, t
    2. 6.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to Belize by countries, 2018-2024, t
    3. 6.2.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 6.2.3. Imports in value, K $ US
    1. 6.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Belize in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 6.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to Belize by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 6.2.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 6.2.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/t
    1. 6.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to Belize, 2018-2024, $ US/t
    2. 6.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to Belize by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/t
7. Exports
1. 7.1. Exports (Direct Data*)
  1. 7.1.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 7.1.2. Exports in kind, t
    1. 7.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Belize in kind, 2018-2024, t
    2. 7.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from Belize by countries, 2018-2024, t
    3. 7.1.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 7.1.3. Exports in value, K $ US
    1. 7.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Belize in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 7.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from Belize by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 7.1.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 7.1.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/t
    1. 7.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from Belize, 2018-2024, $ US/t
    2. 7.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from Belize by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/t
2. 7.2. Exports (Mirror Data)
  1. 7.2.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 7.2.2. Exports in kind, t
    1. 7.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Belize in kind, 2018-2024, t
    2. 7.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from Belize by countries, 2018-2024, t
    3. 7.2.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 7.2.3. Exports in value, K $ US
    1. 7.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Belize in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 7.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from Belize by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 7.2.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 7.2.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/t
    1. 7.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from Belize, 2018-2024, $ US/t
    2. 7.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from Belize by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/t
8. Trade balance
1. 8.1. Trade balance (Direct Data)
  1. 8.1.1. In kind, t
  2. 8.1.2. In value, K $ US
2. 8.2. Trade balance (Mirror Data)
  1. 8.2.1. In kind, t
  2. 8.2.2. In value, K $ US
9. Top buying and selling countries, 2018-2024
1. 9.1. Direct Data
  1. 9.1.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.1.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers
2. 9.2. Mirror Data
  1. 9.2.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.2.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers

Production garlic in Central America

In kind, 2017-2020, K t

Top producers of garlic, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of production of garlic, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

In 2020, Central America produced 116.9 thousand tons of garlic, marking a 2.6% increase compared to the previous year. Looking at the period from 2017 to 2020, overall production declined by 2.1%, which translates to an average annual decrease of 0.7%. The lowest production level was recorded in 2019 at 114.0 thousand tons, while the highest was in 2018 at 124.8 thousand tons. The most significant drop occurred in 2019 with an 8.6% decrease, whereas the largest rise was in 2018 with a 4.4% increase.

Annual dynamics of production in Central America in kind, 2017-2020, K t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	4.4%	(8.6%)	2.6%	(0.7%)

Source: SHEV.io

Exports garlic from Central America

Exports in kind, t

In 2020, Central America exported 8 444 tons of garlic, showing minimal change from the previous year. Over the span from 2017 to 2020, exports grew by 7.8%, averaging an annual growth rate of 2.5%. The lowest export volume was in 2018 at 5 295 tons, while the peak was in 2019 at 8 467 tons. The sharpest decline happened in 2018 with a 32.4% drop, and the biggest surge was in 2019 with a 59.9% rise.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Central America in kind, 2017-2020, t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	(32.4%)	59.9%	(0.3%)	2.5%

Source: SHEV.io

From 2017 to 2020, the United States served as the primary export partner for garlic shipments in volume, representing 92.5% of total exports.

Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from Central America in kind, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Exports in value, K $ US

Central America's garlic exports in value terms grew for the second year in a row. In 2020, exports reached 22 885 thousand US dollars, a 37.4% increase year-over-year. Between 2017 and 2020, export value rose by 11.1%, with a compound annual growth rate of 3.6%. The lowest value was recorded in 2018 at 12 202 thousand US dollars, and the most substantial decrease occurred that same year with a 40.8% fall.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Central America in value, 2017-2020, K $ US

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	(40.8%)	36.5%	37.4%	3.6%

Source: SHEV.io

During 2017–2020, the United States was nearly the sole buyer of garlic from Central America in monetary terms, accounting for 96.0% of total export value.

Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from Central America in value, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Imports garlic to Central America

Imports in kind, t

Garlic imports into Central America rose for the third consecutive year. In 2020, imports totaled 40 229 tons, up 34.5% from 2019. From 2017 to 2020, import volume increased by 51.5%, with an average annual growth rate of 14.9%.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Central America in kind, 2017-2020, t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	1.6%	10.9%	34.5%	14.9%

Source: SHEV.io

Between 2017 and 2020, China, Chile, and Peru were the leading suppliers of garlic to Central America by volume. China contributed 50.1% of imports, Chile 29.4%, and Peru 15.0%, together making up 94.5% of total import volume.

Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to Central America in kind, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Imports in value, K $ US

Central America's garlic imports in value terms expanded for the second straight year. In 2020, imports amounted to 65 180 thousand US dollars, a 43.1% increase compared to the previous year. Over the 2017–2020 period, import value grew by 24.2%, with a compound annual growth rate of 7.5%. The lowest value was in 2018 at 39 771 thousand US dollars, and the largest decline occurred that year with a 24.2% drop.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Central America in value, 2017-2020, K $ US

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	(24.2%)	14.5%	43.1%	7.5%

Source: SHEV.io

From 2017 to 2020, Chile, China, and Peru were the top suppliers of garlic to Central America in value terms. Chile accounted for 38.4% of import value, China for 36.1%, and Peru for 19.4%, collectively representing 93.8% of total import value.

Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to Central America in value, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io