Market research

Buckwheat market in Bhutan

Release date: Mar 28, 2026

Submission: 15 minutes after payment

Research period: 2017-2025

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Earlier Report Observations

Between 2018 and 2020, Bhutan's buckwheat market volume expanded steadily from 1,992 t to 2,725 t, reflecting a period of increased domestic production.

The market contracted sharply from 2021 onward, with volume dropping to 1,847 t that year. This decline was driven by a reported decrease in buckwheat cultivation area and a broader national food deficit, which increased reliance on cereal imports and reduced domestic supply.

The downward trend continued, with market volume falling to 1,118 t in 2022 and 959 t in 2023. Agricultural focus shifted towards other products like Chugo and buttermilk, reducing buckwheat output. Meanwhile, the promotion of buckwheat noodles as a local specialty in Bumthang, linked to tourism development, signaled an emerging niche segment within the market.

Table of content

1. Disclaimer
2. Terms of use of the report
3. Product codes in the statistical classifications used in the report
4. Key Market Indicators and Trends
1. 4.1. Key Market Indicators
  1. 4.1.1. In kind
    1. 4.1.1.1. Production, 2018-2023
    2. 4.1.1.2. Imports, 2018-2025
    3. 4.1.1.3. Exports, 2018-2025
    4. 4.1.1.4. Market size, 2018-2023
2. 4.2. Market Trends and Factors
5. Production
1. 5.1. Production in Bhutan
  1. 5.1.1. Annual dynamics of production in Bhutan in kind, 2018-2023, t
  2. 5.1.2. Annual dynamics of production in Bhutan in value, 2018-2023, $ US
2. 5.2. Global production by Country, 2018-2023
  1. 5.2.1. Annual dynamics of production by macroregions in kind, 2018-2023, t
  2. 5.2.2. Dynamics of production structure by macroregions in kind, 2018-2023
  3. 5.2.3. Annual dynamics of production by country in kind, 2018-2023, t
  4. 5.2.4. Structure of production by countries in kind, 2018-2023
  5. 5.2.5. Dynamics of peoduction structure by countries in kind, 2018-2023
6. Imports
1. 6.1. Imports (Direct Data*)
  1. 6.1.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 6.1.2. Imports in kind, kg
    1. 6.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Bhutan in kind, 2018-2025, kg
    2. 6.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to Bhutan by countries, 2018-2025, kg
    3. 6.1.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2025
  3. 6.1.3. Imports in value, $ US
    1. 6.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Bhutan in value, 2018-2025, $ US
    2. 6.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to Bhutan by countries, 2018-2025, $ US
    3. 6.1.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2025
  4. 6.1.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/t
    1. 6.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to Bhutan, 2018-2025, $ US/t
    2. 6.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to Bhutan by countries, 2018-2025, $ US/t
2. 6.2. Imports (Mirror Data)
  1. 6.2.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 6.2.2. Imports in kind, kg
    1. 6.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Bhutan in kind, 2018-2025, kg
    2. 6.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to Bhutan by countries, 2018-2025, kg
    3. 6.2.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2025
  3. 6.2.3. Imports in value, $ US
    1. 6.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Bhutan in value, 2018-2025, $ US
    2. 6.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to Bhutan by countries, 2018-2025, $ US
    3. 6.2.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2025
  4. 6.2.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/t
    1. 6.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to Bhutan, 2018-2025, $ US/t
    2. 6.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to Bhutan by countries, 2018-2025, $ US/t
7. Exports
1. 7.1. Exports (Direct Data*)
  1. 7.1.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 7.1.2. Exports in kind, kg
    1. 7.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Bhutan in kind, 2018-2025, kg
    2. 7.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from Bhutan by countries, 2018-2025, kg
    3. 7.1.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2025
  3. 7.1.3. Exports in value, $ US
    1. 7.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Bhutan in value, 2018-2025, $ US
    2. 7.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from Bhutan by countries, 2018-2025, $ US
    3. 7.1.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2025
  4. 7.1.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/t
    1. 7.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from Bhutan, 2018-2025, $ US/t
    2. 7.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from Bhutan by countries, 2018-2025, $ US/t
2. 7.2. Exports (Mirror Data)
  1. 7.2.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 7.2.2. Exports in kind, kg
    1. 7.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Bhutan in kind, 2018-2025, kg
    2. 7.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from Bhutan by countries, 2018-2025, kg
    3. 7.2.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2025
  3. 7.2.3. Exports in value, $ US
    1. 7.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Bhutan in value, 2018-2025, $ US
    2. 7.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from Bhutan by countries, 2018-2025, $ US
    3. 7.2.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2025
  4. 7.2.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/t
    1. 7.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from Bhutan, 2018-2025, $ US/t
    2. 7.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from Bhutan by countries, 2018-2025, $ US/t
8. Trade balance
1. 8.1. Trade balance (Direct Data)
  1. 8.1.1. In kind, kg
  2. 8.1.2. In value, $ US
2. 8.2. Trade balance (Mirror Data)
  1. 8.2.1. In kind, kg
  2. 8.2.2. In value, $ US
9. Top buying and selling countries, 2018-2025
1. 9.1. Direct Data
  1. 9.1.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.1.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers
2. 9.2. Mirror Data
  1. 9.2.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.2.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers

Production buckwheat in Bhutan

In kind, 2018-2021, t

Between 2018 and 2021, Bhutan ranked as the 14th largest producer of buckwheat globally.

Top producers of buckwheat, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io

World map of production of buckwheat, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io

Following two consecutive years of growth, Bhutan's buckwheat production fell in 2021. The country produced 1 855 tonnes that year, marking a sharp 31.3% decrease from the previous year. Over the 2018-2021 period, production declined by 6.8%, with an average annual decrease of 2.3%. Production peaked in 2020 at 2 701 tonnes, while the largest year-on-year increase occurred in 2019 at 18.1%.

Annual dynamics of production in Bhutan in kind, 2018-2021, t

Parameter		2019	2020	2021	CAGR
1	Change from last year	18.1%	14.9%	(31.3%)	(2.3%)

Source: SHEV.io

Exports buckwheat from Bhutan

Exports in kind, kg

In 2021, Bhutan exported 10 015 kg of buckwheat, showing minimal change from 2020. However, exports fell by 51.4% between 2019 and 2021, representing an average annual decline of 21.4%.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Bhutan in kind, 2018-2021, kg

Parameter		2019	2020	2021	CAGR
1	Change from last year	n/a	n/a	n/a	-

Source: SHEV.io

From 2018 to 2021, Bhutan's buckwheat exports were entirely concentrated on Japan, which accounted for 100.0% of total export volumes.

Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from Bhutan in kind, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io

Exports in value, $ US

Buckwheat exports from Bhutan generated 5 646 US dollars in 2021, with only slight variation from the previous year. Between 2019 and 2021, export value decreased by 47.8%, equivalent to an average annual decline of 19.5%.

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Bhutan in value, 2018-2021, $ US

Parameter		2019	2020	2021	CAGR
1	Change from last year	n/a	n/a	n/a	-

Source: SHEV.io

During 2018-2021, Bhutan's buckwheat export market in value terms was highly concentrated, with Japan alone responsible for 96.0% of total export earnings.

Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from Bhutan in value, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io

Imports buckwheat to Bhutan

Imports in kind, kg

Import volumes showed significant volatility during the observed period. Imports reached their lowest point in 2018 and peaked in 2020, with a 21-fold difference between these years. In 2021, Bhutan imported 1 545 kg of buckwheat, representing a dramatic 93.6% decrease from 2020. The maximum import volume was recorded in 2020 at 24 280 kg, while the largest year-on-year increase occurred in 2019 at 934.5%.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Bhutan in kind, 2018-2021, kg

Parameter		2019	2020	2021	CAGR
1	Change from last year	934.5%	100.6%	(93.6%)	9.7%

Source: SHEV.io

Between 2018 and 2021, India was the exclusive source for Bhutan's buckwheat imports, accounting for 100.0% of import volumes.

Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to Bhutan in kind, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io

Imports in value, $ US

Import values exhibited considerable volatility throughout the period. They reached their lowest point in 2018 and peaked in 2020, with a 9.5-fold variation between these years. In 2021, Bhutan's buckwheat imports were valued at 771 US dollars, representing an 85.7% decrease from 2020. The maximum import value was recorded in 2020 at 5 387 US dollars, while the largest year-on-year increase occurred in 2019 at 635.5%.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Bhutan in value, 2018-2021, $ US

Parameter		2019	2020	2021	CAGR
1	Change from last year	635.5%	28.9%	(85.7%)	10.7%

Source: SHEV.io

From 2018 to 2021, India consistently served as Bhutan's primary source for buckwheat imports, accounting for 100.0% of import value throughout the period.

Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to Bhutan in value, 2018-2021

Source: SHEV.io