Market research

Maize flour and cereals market in Timor-Leste

Release date: Mar 30, 2026

Submission: 15 minutes after payment

Research period: 2017-2025

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Earlier Report Observations

From 2018 to 2020, maize flour and cereals production in Timor-Leste remained relatively stable, hovering around 51,000 tons. Government measures supporting farmers, including the distribution of tractors and facilitated access to fertilizers and seeds, alongside a strategic plan to shift from subsistence to market-oriented agriculture, helped maintain domestic output. The implementation of the Agriculture and Horticulture Program in 2020 aimed at boosting corn productivity, contributing to a period of overall market steadiness.

Production fell to 42,700 tons in 2021, but a recovery began the following year as the government maintained its strategic agricultural development plan. By 2023, output rebounded to 50,849 tons, a growth significantly supported by the distribution of 260 tons of certified maize and rice seeds and the continuation of free assistance to farmers for inputs and equipment.

In 2024, imports of maize flour and cereals increased to 619 tons, reflecting ongoing market demand. The government reinforced its commitment to nutrition and food security through national strategic plans and discussions with the UN on transforming the food system, factors which continued to shape the market environment.

Table of content

1. Disclaimer
2. Terms of use of the report
3. Product codes in the statistical classifications used in the report
4. Key Market Indicators and Trends
1. 4.1. Key Market Indicators
  1. 4.1.1. In kind
    1. 4.1.1.1. Production, 2018-2023
    2. 4.1.1.2. Imports, 2018-2024
    3. 4.1.1.3. Exports, 2018-2024
    4. 4.1.1.4. Market size, 2018-2023
2. 4.2. Market Trends and Factors
5. Production
1. 5.1. Production in Timor-Leste
  1. 5.1.1. Annual dynamics of production in Timor-Leste in kind, 2018-2023, t
  2. 5.1.2. Annual dynamics of production in Timor-Leste in value, 2018-2023, $ US
2. 5.2. Global production by Country, 2018-2023
  1. 5.2.1. Annual dynamics of production by macroregions in kind, 2018-2023, t
  2. 5.2.2. Dynamics of production structure by macroregions in kind, 2018-2023
  3. 5.2.3. Annual dynamics of production by country in kind, 2018-2023, t
  4. 5.2.4. Structure of production by countries in kind, 2018-2023
  5. 5.2.5. Dynamics of peoduction structure by countries in kind, 2018-2023
6. Imports
1. 6.1. Imports (Direct Data*)
  1. 6.1.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 6.1.2. Imports in kind, t
    1. 6.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Timor-Leste in kind, 2018-2024, t
    2. 6.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to Timor-Leste by countries, 2018-2024, t
    3. 6.1.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 6.1.3. Imports in value, K $ US
    1. 6.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Timor-Leste in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 6.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to Timor-Leste by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 6.1.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 6.1.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/kg
    1. 6.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to Timor-Leste, 2018-2024, $ US/kg
    2. 6.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to Timor-Leste by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/kg
2. 6.2. Imports (Mirror Data)
  1. 6.2.1. Imports - Total information
  2. 6.2.2. Imports in kind, t
    1. 6.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Timor-Leste in kind, 2018-2024, t
    2. 6.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's imports in kind to Timor-Leste by countries, 2018-2024, t
    3. 6.2.2.3. Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 6.2.3. Imports in value, K $ US
    1. 6.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's imports to Timor-Leste in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 6.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's imports in value to Timor-Leste by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 6.2.3.3. Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 6.2.4. Average price of product's imports, $ US/kg
    1. 6.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's imports to Timor-Leste, 2018-2024, $ US/kg
    2. 6.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's imports to Timor-Leste by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/kg
7. Exports
1. 7.1. Exports (Direct Data*)
  1. 7.1.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 7.1.2. Exports in kind, t
    1. 7.1.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Timor-Leste in kind, 2018-2024, t
    2. 7.1.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from Timor-Leste by countries, 2018-2024, t
    3. 7.1.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 7.1.3. Exports in value, K $ US
    1. 7.1.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Timor-Leste in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 7.1.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from Timor-Leste by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 7.1.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 7.1.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/kg
    1. 7.1.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from Timor-Leste, 2018-2024, $ US/kg
    2. 7.1.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from Timor-Leste by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/kg
2. 7.2. Exports (Mirror Data)
  1. 7.2.1. Exports - Total information
  2. 7.2.2. Exports in kind, t
    1. 7.2.2.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Timor-Leste in kind, 2018-2024, t
    2. 7.2.2.2. Dynamics of product's exports in kind from Timor-Leste by countries, 2018-2024, t
    3. 7.2.2.3. Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2018-2024
  3. 7.2.3. Exports in value, K $ US
    1. 7.2.3.1. Annual dynamics of product's exports from Timor-Leste in value, 2018-2024, K $ US
    2. 7.2.3.2. Dynamics of product's exports in value from Timor-Leste by countries, 2018-2024, K $ US
    3. 7.2.3.3. Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2018-2024
  4. 7.2.4. Average price of product's exports, $ US/kg
    1. 7.2.4.1. Annual dynamics of average price of product's exports from Timor-Leste, 2018-2024, $ US/kg
    2. 7.2.4.2. Dynamics of average price of product's exports from Timor-Leste by countries, 2018-2024, $ US/kg
8. Trade balance
1. 8.1. Trade balance (Direct Data)
  1. 8.1.1. In kind, t
  2. 8.1.2. In value, K $ US
2. 8.2. Trade balance (Mirror Data)
  1. 8.2.1. In kind, t
  2. 8.2.2. In value, K $ US
9. Top buying and selling countries, 2018-2024
1. 9.1. Direct Data
  1. 9.1.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.1.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers
2. 9.2. Mirror Data
  1. 9.2.1. Import in Value by Countries-buyers
  2. 9.2.2. Export in Value by Countries-suppliers

Production maize flour and cereals in Timor-Leste

In kind, 2017-2020, t

Top producers of maize flour and cereals, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of production of maize flour and cereals, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

In 2020, Timor-Leste produced 50,400 tonnes of maize flour and cereals, marking a slight decrease of 1.4% compared to the previous year. The largest increase occurred in 2018, at 0.0%.

Annual dynamics of production in Timor-Leste in kind, 2017-2020, t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	-	-	(1.4%)	(0.5%)

Source: SHEV.io

Exports maize flour and cereals from Timor-Leste

Exports in kind, t

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Timor-Leste in kind, 2017-2020, t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	n/a	n/a	n/a	-

Source: SHEV.io

From 2017 to 2020, Australia served as the primary destination for maize flour and cereals exports from Timor-Leste, consistently accounting for 100.0% of total exports in kind.

Structure of product's exports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from Timor-Leste in kind, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Exports in value, K $ US

Annual dynamics of product's exports from Timor-Leste in value, 2017-2020, K $ US

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	n/a	n/a	n/a	-

Source: SHEV.io

During the 2017–2020 period, exports in value terms of maize flour and cereals from Timor-Leste were highly concentrated on Australia, which represented 100.0% of total flows.

Structure of product's exports in value by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's exports from Timor-Leste in value, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Imports maize flour and cereals to Timor-Leste

Imports in kind, t

In 2020, maize flour and cereals deliveries to Timor-Leste reached 278.4 tonnes, reflecting a moderate decrease of 9.1% compared to the previous year. Over the 2017–2020 period, imports decreased by 42.1%, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 16.7%. The lowest value was recorded in 2018 at 253.1 tonnes. The largest decline occurred in 2018, at 47.4%, while the largest increase was in 2019, at 21.0%.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Timor-Leste in kind, 2017-2020, t

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	(47.4%)	21.0%	(9.1%)	(16.7%)

Source: SHEV.io

Throughout 2017–2020, Indonesia was the main supplier of maize flour and cereals to Timor-Leste, accounting for 85.2% of total imports in kind, with other partners holding relatively modest shares.

Structure of product's imports in kind by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to Timor-Leste in kind, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

Imports in value, K $ US

In 2020, maize flour and cereals shipments to Timor-Leste from abroad amounted to 136.4 thousand US dollars, indicating a small decline of 1.6% compared to 2019. Between 2017 and 2020, imports decreased by 48%, equating to an annualized rate of 19.6%. The lowest value was recorded in 2018 at 120.3 thousand US dollars. The largest decline occurred in 2018, at 54.2%, while the largest increase was in 2019, at 15.2%.

Annual dynamics of product's imports to Timor-Leste in value, 2017-2020, K $ US

Parameter		2018	2019	2020	CAGR
1	Change from last year	(54.2%)	15.2%	(1.6%)	(19.6%)

Source: SHEV.io

Throughout 2017–2020, the country structure of imports in value terms was dominated by Indonesia, which accounted for 73.0% of total flows, while other destinations were relatively small.

Structure of product's imports in value by countries, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io

World map of product's imports to Timor-Leste in value, 2017-2020

Source: SHEV.io