Natural gas supplied 52.1% of Türkiye’s household energy consumption in 2025

Household consumption reached 1.38 million terajoules

Türkiye’s households consumed 1,382,611 terajoules of final energy in 2025, with natural gas providing more than half of the total. Data from the Turkish Statistical Institute, TÜİK, reported by Dünya show that natural gas represented 52.1% of household consumption, confirming its central role in residential energy supply.

Electricity was the second-largest energy source at 19.3%, followed by solid biomass at 13.3%. Together, these figures show a household energy mix led by pipeline gas but still supported by electricity and combustible solid fuels. The continued use of biomass is particularly relevant to fuel suppliers and heating-equipment providers serving areas where gas access or household purchasing power may be more limited.

Space heating accounted for 62% of demand

Space heating was by far the largest household energy use, accounting for 62% of the total. Lighting and electrical appliances ranked second with 16%, while water heating represented 12.7%. Cooking absorbed another 8.2%, and space cooling and other requirements together accounted for 1%.

The end-use breakdown helps explain the dominant position of natural gas. Of all gas consumed by households, 74.2% was used for space heating, 16% for heating water and 9.8% for cooking. Residential gas demand is therefore heavily linked to heating needs, making weather conditions and building efficiency particularly important for distributors, suppliers and policymakers assessing consumption.

Natural gas supplied 62.3% of the energy used specifically for space heating. Solid biomass ranked second at 20%, followed by coal at 16.1%. The figures indicate that solid fuels retain a meaningful position in Türkiye’s residential heating market despite the overall lead held by gas.

Gas also led water heating and cooking

Natural gas accounted for 65.5% of energy used to heat household water. Solar energy held a 20.5% share, giving it a substantial role in this specific application even though it was not among the three largest sources in overall household energy consumption. In cooking, natural gas supplied 62.6% of energy, while petroleum products ranked second with 20.1%.

Electricity had a markedly different consumption profile. Lighting and household appliances accounted for 83% of residential electricity use. Space cooling represented 5.3%, and water heating took 4.5%. This concentration ties electricity demand more closely to appliances and lighting than to the heating load that dominates natural gas consumption.

The 2025 data provide energy producers, fuel distributors and equipment suppliers with a detailed view of where household demand is concentrated. Gas-market participants remain most exposed to space-heating demand, while electricity suppliers face a broader base of appliance use. Biomass and coal suppliers continue to participate in the heating segment, and solar energy has established a notable share of water heating. TÜİK also said its 2022 figures were revised following updates to administrative records and methodological changes, a point analysts should consider when making historical comparisons.